Samuwar Haske da Tsarinsa a Kimiyyance (1 & 2)

Gabatarwa

Da dama cikin masu karatu sun sha nuna sha’awarsu wajen fahimtar tsarin haske, da yadda yake samuwa, da nau’ukansa, da kuma tsarin launi, da yadda yake samuwa, da kuma tsarinsa shi ma. Har wa yau, akwai wadanda suke son sanin tsarin Bakan Gizo, watau Rainbow a Turance, da cewa ko yana da wani tasiri a kimiyyance, wajen hana samuwa ko yiwuwar ruwan sama, kamar yadda muke riyawa a al’adance. Wannan yasa za mu ribaci wannan lokaci don gabatar da bayanai kan yadda haske ke samuwa a kimiyyance, da alakar da ke tsakanin haske da launi, da kuma launukan da ke bayyana cikin Bakan Gizo. Wadannan abubuwa guda uku – haske, da launi da kuma Bakan Gizo – suna da alaka mai karfi a tsakaninsu. Domin samuwar haske ne ke tabbatar da samuwar launi daga inda hasken ya samu ko kuma abin da hasken ya haska. Shi kuma Bakan Gizo ya ta’allaka ne da samuwar launuka guda bakwai sanannu, a waje daya, a lokaci daya, a kuma wani irin yanayi mai ban mamaki. A halin yanzu ga wadannan bayanai nan iya gwargwadon hali.

Tsarin Haske da Samuwarsa

Kafin yin bayani kan tsari da samuwar haske, zai dace mai karatu ya samu bayanai kan ma’ana ko hakikanin haske; mene ne haske, a ma’anance, cikin fannin kimiyya? Malaman Fiziya sun bayar da ma’anar haske a bisa fahimta da bincikensu. Inda suka ce abin da haske ke nufi shi ne: samuwar sinadaran maganadisun lantarki masu bazuwa daga zango zuwa zango. Wadannan sinadarai na maganadisun lantarki wadanda su ne hakikanin haske, ana iya ganinsu - wasu nau’ukan kuma ba a iya ganinsu. Akwai bangaren da a ke iya gani, da kuma wani nau’in hasken da ido ko idanu basu iya riskarsa. Akwai kuma nau’i na uku, wanda ya kamata a ce ana iya ganinsa, to amma saboda kaifi da tasirinsa, ido ba ya iya riskarsa. A takaice dai, ko ana gani ko ba a iya ganinsu, wadannan sinadaran maganadisun lantarki su ne hakikanin abin da ake kira “haske”, ko Light a turance.

Kasancewar haske jiki ne kamar sauran samammun abubuwa da ke wannan duniya tamu, akwai abubuwa guda hudu da ke tabbatar da samuwar haske ko yanayinsa a ko ina. Abu na farko shi ne “kima”. Haske yana da kima ko wani yanayi takamaimai na kauri ko rashinsa, wanda ke mallakar muhallin da yake. Abu na biyu kuma shi ne maimaituwa. Haske na maimaituwa ne daga wani muhalli zuwa wani, ko daga wani zango zuwa wani. Hakan na faruwa ne a kan tafarkin da yake tafiya a ciki. Sai abu na uku, watau watsuwa ko bazuwa. Shi haske da zarar ya samu a wani wuri, ya kan bazu. Sai sifa ta karshe, watau mataki. Ya kan tashi daga wannan mataki zuwa wancan. Wadannan su ne sifofi guda hudu da tsarin haske ya sifatu da su.

Daga Ina Haske Yake Samuwa?

Samuwar haske wani abu ne da ke ta’allake da wuraren da ke samar da shi. Akwai muhalli guda uku manya da ke samar da haske da dukkan nau’ukansa. Da bangaren da ake iya gani, da wanda ba a iya gani; duk ana samunsu daga wadannan wurare ko muhalli uku. Muhalli na farko da ke samar da haske dai shi ne kowane irin “jiki mai wani mizanin zafi tabbatacce ko takaitacce”. Misalin wannan shi ne gudar rana wacce ke hasko mana haske a dukkan yini. Hasken da ke samuwa daga halittar rana nau’uka ne guda uku. Akwai wanda idanu basu iya ganinsa. Wannan shi ne nau’in hasken makamashin Infra-red, mai dauke da zafi da ke samuwa daga jikin ranar. Wannan shi ne kashi sittin ciki dari (60%) na bangaren abin da rana ke samarwa. Sai kuma hasken da muke gani da idonmu daga rana. Wannan nau’in shi ne ke dauke da sauran kashi arba’in (40%) na hasken da ke samuwa daga jikin rana. Dukkan wadannan nau’ukan haske ana kiransu nau’in Thermal, a kimiyyance.

Muhalli na biyu da ke samar da haske a wannan duniya ta mu shi ne hasken da ke samuwa daga kwayayen lantarki (fari ne ko ja, da dukkan launukansa), ko kwayeyen lantarki na mota ko mashin ko dukkan wani muhallin lantarki irin na dan Adam da ke samar da haske. Dukkan kwayayen da ke gidajenmu, da wadanda ke masallatanmu, da wadanda ke kasuwanninmu da kuma wadanda ke sauran wurare, kashi goma cikin dari (10%) na haskensu ne kadai suke fitarwa muke gani. Sauran nau’ukan haske kashi casa’in (90%) din kuma duk zafi ne, kamar yadda na tabbata duk masu karatu na iya fahimtar haka daga kwayayen lantarkin da ke gidajensu. Wannan zafi da ke samuwa daga wadannan kwayayen lantarki, duk nau’in haske ne na makamashin Infra-red.

Sai muhalli na uku da ke samar da haske, watau hasken da ke samuwa daga konewa ko konannun abubuwa – sanadiyyar wuta ko duk abin da ke haddasa konewa tare da bayar da haske. Wannan ya hada da konewar abubuwa sanadiyyar wuta na man fetur, ko gas, ko dizel, ko kananzir ko duk wani makamashi da ke haddasa wuta mai bayar da haske. Wadannan makamashi da ke haddasa wuta mai samar da haske, su ke tabbatar da launin hasken da ke samuwa a yayin da konewar ke faruwa. Wadannan, a takaice, su ne wurare ko abubuwan da ke samar da haske a irin yanayin da ya kamace shi.

Darajoji da Nau’ukan Haske

Dangane da daraja da nau’i, haske ya kasu zuwa kashi biyar. Wannan rabe-rabe ya ta’allaka ne da yanayin kima, da launi, da bayyana – ana iya gani ko a a - da kuma tsarin da suke samuwa. Wannan har wa yau ya ta’allaka ne da tsarin gudun haske da maimaituwarsa. Wannan tsarin gudun haske da maimaituwarsa da ke samuwa a sararin samaniya, shi ake kira “Electromagnetic Wavelength”, kuma yana da bangarori biyar ko shida, kuma kowanne daga cikinsu na da nashi aiki wajen taimaka wa dan Adam yin wani abu da zai amfane shi (idan ya binciko kenan ko gane hakan), ko kuma iya cutar da shi ko muhallinsa.

Banganren farko shi ne tsarin haske mai dumi na lantarki mai takaitaccen maimaituwa, amma mai cin dogon zango idan aka yi amfani da shi wajen aikawa da sako na sauti. Wannan shi ake kira Radio Waves, kuma da shi ne ake iya aikawa da shirye-shiryen gidajen rediyo da talabijin. Da kuma shi ne har wa yau, ake amfani wajen gina na’urar hangen nesa da ke dukkan filayen jirgin sama, watau Radars. Yana daukan dogon zango, amma yana da takaitaccen maimaituwa, watau Frequency Rate. Sai kuma mai biye masa, watau tsarin haske mai tattare da dumi, mai taimakawa wajen dafe-dafe. Da wannan tsari ake amfani wajen tsara na’urar dumama abinci da sauran kayayyakin makulashe, watau Microwaves. Sai kuma na uku, wanda haske ne da ke tattare da dumi da kuma launi, amma da shi da sauran tsarin hasken da suka gabata, dan Adam ba ya iya ganinsu da idonsa; kasa suke da ganin sa; sai dai kawai ya ji duminsu, iya kusancin da ke tsakaninsa da inda suke samuwa. Wannan shi ne tsarin hasken da ake kira Infra-red, kuma ana amfani da shi wajen yin abubuwa da dama, ciki har da aikawa da sakonni a tsakanin kayayyakin sadarwa na zamani. Sai tsarin haske na gaba, wanda ya kunshi shahararrun launuka bakwai masu bayyana a yanayin Bakan Gizo, watau Rainbow (Red, Orange, Blue, Yellow, Green, Indigo & Violet). Wannan nau’in haske shi ne hakikanin haske da muke samu daga rana amma wanda ke riskarmu a wannan duniya da muke ciki; tataccen haske kenan, watau Visible Light. Wannan har wa yau shi ne nau’in hasken da ya keto sararin samaniya, har muke amfana da shi.

Bayan wannan sai kuma nau’in haske mai tsanani da ke samuwa daga rana; gundarin hasken kenan, wanda ke fitowa kai tsaye daga ranar. Ba halittar da ke iya jure masa. Wannan shi ake kira Ultraviolet Light, kuma yana da saurin maimaituwa wajen isa ga abin da ya hasko, mai cin gajeren zango. Idan ya fito daga rana, akwai dabaka-dabaka da Allah Yai masa a sararin samaniya da ke tace shi, ya takaita mana haske da zafinsa zuwa nau’in hasken da muke iya rayuwa cikinsa. Sai kuma hasken na’urar bincike ko hango cututtuka da ke jikin dan Adam ko halittu, watau X-Ray Light. Wannan nau’in haske ne da ke cin gajeren zango, mai saurin maimaituwa don ya darkake duk abin da aka haska shi gareshi. Da shi ake hasko illolin da ke damunmu galibi a asibitocinmu; da shi ake hango jarirai da lura da halin da suke ciki a mahaifa. Wadannan, a takaice, su ne tsarin gudun haske da maimaituwansa da muke mu’amala da su a sararin wannan duniya da muke ciki.

Samuwar Launuka a Cikin Haske

Kamar yadda bayanai suka gabata a baya cewa akwai darajoji da nau’ukan haske wajen biyar.  Idan mai karatu bai mance ba daga cikin biyar din nan akwai nau’in Visible Light, wanda muka ce shi ne nau’in hasken da dan Adam ke iya ganinsa da idonsa. Wannan nau’i ne ke dauke da launuka. Shi launi, ko Colour (watau “Color” – a turancin Amurka) yana tare ne da nau’in hasken da ake iya gani a ko ina ne kuwa. Don haka Malaman Kimiyya sun yi ta bincike kan asalinsa, da yadda yake samuwa, da kuma tsarinsa a kimiyyance. Wannan fannin bincike mai kokarin tabbatar da asalin launi da yadda yake samuwa da kuma tsarinsa, shi ake kira Chromatics a tsarin binciken kimiyya.

Shi launi wani abu ne da ke samuwa sanadiyyar alakar da ke tsakanin tsarin gani na ido, da kuma launin abubuwan da ake gani, ko asalin hasken da ke samuwa daga garesu, ko suke samar da launin. Da farko dai akwai tsarin gani na ido, wanda ke samuwa ta yadda Allah ya tsara halittar idanunmu. Shi wannan tsarin gani yana ta’allake ne da bangaren kwakwalwa da ke can karshen keya, daga sama zuwa kasa. Wannan bangare ne ke tabbatar wa dan Adam kala ko launin abin da ya gani, daga ido har kwakwalwarsa. Ido zai ga launin. Kwakwalwa kuma za ta tabbatar masa da abin da ya gani, ya iya sheda shi a duk inda ya ganshi nan gaba. Bangare na biyu kuma shi ne launin da ke tattare da abin da ido ya gani. Wannan shi ne ke samar da launin da ido zai gani, kuma kwakwalwa ta sheda, don tabbatarwa. A wasu lokuta kuma, launin kan zo ne daga inda hasken ke samuwa. Ma’ana, idan gida ya kama da wuta sanadiyyar hadarin man dizel, launin wutan zai zama shudi ne. Amma idan daga man fetur ne gidan ke konewa, launin wutar da ke samar da hasken konewar zai zama ja. Idan kuma karfe ne ya sha wuta, tun daga ja, launinsa na iya komawa fari. Idan aka ci gaba da kona shi, launin na iya canzawa zuwa baki. A takaice dai, launi na iya samuwa daga asalin da haske ya samu. Har wa yau, kamar yadda ake da nau’ukan da ake iya gani amma kuma idanu basu iya riskarsa sanadiyyar kaifi da tasirinsa, to haka ma ake da nau’ukan launi da idanu basu iya ganinsu. Misali, launin da idanun dan Adam ke iya gani ya fara ne daga launin ja, watau Red. To amma akwai nau’in da ke kasa da launin ja, wanda ake kira Infra-red (watau “kasa da launi ja”) a kimiyyance. Wannan launin idanu basu iya ganinsa, don yayi kasa da kaifin launin da idanu ke iya ganinsa. Amma akwai na’urori da ake amfani da su wajen hango wadannan nau’ukan launi masu kasa da ja. To meye alakar da ke tsakanin haske da kuma yanayin Bakan Gizo?

Samuwar “Bakan Gizo” da Tsarinsa a Kimiyyance

Yanayin bakan gizo na cikin abubuwan da dan Adam ke iya ganinsu a muhallinsa shekaru masu  tsawo da suka gabata, amma kuma saboda rashin kudura irin ta binciken kimiyya, ya kasa gano hakikaninsa. Don haka ma ra’ayoyi suka sassaba tsakanin al’ummomin da ke duniya kan asali da kuma tasirin wannan yanayi na bakan gizo. Daga ina yake samuwa, me ke haddasa samuwarsa, kuma shin, yana da wata tasiri ta musamman ne akan rayuwar mutane? Wadannan tambayoyi suna da muhimmanci sosai muddin ana son fahimtar wannan yanayi na bakan gizo da tasirinsa.

Sai dai kuma inda matsalar take ita ce, duk wanda ka tambaya cikin al’ummomin duniya, zai baka amsa wacce ta sha bamban da irin wacce wasu al’ummomin ko al’ummar da ka tashi ciki za su baka ne. Misali, mu a kasar Hausa idan aka ga wannan yanayi na bakan gizo ko gajimare, abin da ake riyawa shi ne, ba za a samu ruwan sama ba, domin shi ne wanda ke janye ruwan. Hausawa sun yi imani da hakan ne musamman ganin cewa sai lokacin da hadari ya hadu sannan wannan yanayi na bakan gizo ke bayyana. Idan kuma ya bayyana, to a galibin lokuta, da kyar ake yin ruwan. Idan muka koma kan wasu al’ummomin kuma za mu ji wani camfin da ya sha bamban da namu. Misali, a al’ummar Girka (Greek), bakan gizo wata hanya ce da wani manzo mai suna Iris ke bi wajen isar da sako tsakanin sama da kasa. Su kuma mutanen kasar Sin (China) ra’ayinsu ya sha bamban da na al’ummar Girka. Suka ce allarsu mai suna Nuwa ce ke amfani da wannan yanayi na gajimare, don toshe wata kafa da ke samuwa a sama, ta hanyar amfani da wasu duwatsu guda biyar masu launuka daban-daban. Idan muka shiga kasar Indiya, su kuma ra’ayinsu ya sha bamban. A nasu camfi, suna kiran gajimare ne da suna Indradhanush, ma’ana “Bakar Indra”. Shi Indra wani allan mutanen Hindu ne, wanda suka yi imanin yana da tasiri kan ruwan sama, da cida, da kuma walkiya. Wata ruwayar kuma ta ce yanayin gajimare ita ce bakar allan Hindu mai suna Kama. Shi yasa suke kiran gajimare da suna Kamanabillu.

Idan muka koma Jaziratul Arab kuma, ta su fahimtar ba daya take da ta mutanen Hindu ba. A wajen Larabawa (lokacin Jahiliyya), sun yi imani cewa gajimare shi ne bakan wani gunkinsu mai suna Quzah ko kuma ‘Uzzah. Don haka suke kiran gajimare da suna Qausu Quzah, watau “Bakar Quzah”. Abin bai tsaya kan camfin kabilu maguzawa kadai ba, hatta a cikin littafin mabiya addinin Kiristanci suna ganin akwai wani tasiri mai karfi da wannan yanayi na bakan gizo ke haddasawa. A wajen Kiristoci, kamar yadda yake cikin littafin Farawa (Genesis), sura ta 9, aya ta 13 – 17, suka ce bayyanar gajimare alama ce da ke nuna alkawarin Allah a wannan duniya, cewa ba zai kara aiko da irin bala’in da ya samu mutane a lokacin Ambaliyar Dufana ba. A takaice dai, addinin Musulunci ne kadai (a iya sani na da bincike na) bai bayyana cewa wannan yanayi yana da wani tasiri na musamman ba ga rayuwar dan Adam. Illa dai ma iya daukansa a matsayin wata alama ce har wa yau, da ke nuna tsarin da wannan duniya ke gudanuwa a ciki, da kuma cewa lallai akwai wanda ke tafiyar da duniyar – watau Allah Madaukakin Sarki kenan. To amma a kimiyyance, me Malaman Kimiyya suka ce dangane da wannan yanayi na bakan gizo ko gajimare?

Gajimare, a Mahangar Kimiyya

Gajimare, ko Rainbow a harshen Turanci, wani irin yanayi ne da ake iya gani a sama mai kama da baka, wanda ya kunshi ayarin launuka guda bakwai da ke samuwa a duk lokacin da rana ta cillo haskenta a kan danshin ruwa ko yayyafi ko rabar da ke sarkafe a girgijen da ke sararin samaniyar wannan duniya tamu. Wannan yanayi na dauke ne da wadannan launuka a sifar baka, watau rabin da’ira ko kuri kenan (Semicircle ko Arc a Turance) daga sama zuwa kasa. Launin da ke sama daga waje, shi ne ja. Sai kuma launin Violet da kasa, daga ciki. Kamar yadda bayanai suka gabata a sama, wadannan launuka na samuwa ne sanadiyyar hasken rana da ke bugowa a saman giragizai masu dauke da danshin ruwa ko yayyafi. Akwai launuka daban-daban da suke bayyana a lokuta daban-daban. Amma wadanda suka fi shahara su ne wadanda bayanai suka gabata a baya a kansu (watau Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo and Violet – ROYGBIV ake kiransu a ramzance). Daga cikin wadannan launuka, launukan asali su ne Red (Ja), da Blue (Shudi), da Green (Kore), da kuma Yellow. Amma sauran launukan duk hadaka ne daga wadannan hudun.

Har wa yau, wani abin da galibin mutane basu sani shi ne, wannan yanayi na gajimare na iya samuwa a saman teku, muddin aka samu irin yanayin da ke haddasa samuwarsa a sama. Wadannan abubuwa kuwa su ne samuwar danshi a cikin giragizai, ko watsuwar ruwa a sama, ko samuwar raba a cikin giragizai, a daidai lokacin da hasken rana ke ratsawa ta cikinsu daga baya, gab da lokacin faduwarta. Lokacin da wannan yanayi na gajimare ke bayyana har launukan su bayyana radau-radau shi ne lokacin da duhu ya bayyana a rabin sama sanadiyyar hadari, ga giragizai na zubar da ruwa ko yayyafi, kai kuma kana tsaye a daidai wurin da haske ya bayyana, kana fuskantar hasken rana. Za ka ga gajimare rau-rau, yana fuskantar wannan bangare na duniya ko sama, daidai inda duhun nan ya bayyana sanadiyyar hadari. Har wa yau, gajimare na iya bayyana cikin dare, lokacin da wata ke kyalli, muddin aka samu irin yanayin da ke iya haddasa shi. Sai dai kuma, sabanin lokacin yini, ba za a ga wadannan launuka rau-rau ba, domin a ka’ida, idanun dan Adam ba su iya riskar launi a lokaci ko yanayin da duhu ya kwaranye muhallin da suke ciki. A irin wannan yanayi, sai dai a ga farin haske ya bayyana daidai inda gajimaren yake.

Binciken Malaman Kimiyya kan Gajimare

Binciken Malaman Kimiyya kan samuwar gajimare da tasirinsa, tun daga babban Malamin Musulunci Ibnul Haitham, har zuwa kan Gustav Mie (1908), babu wanda ke tabbatar da daya cikin dukkan camfe-camfen da al’ummomin da suka gabata suka yi dangane da gajimare. Har wa yau, babu wanda ya nuna cewa akwai alaka tsakanin wannan yanayi da kame ruwan sama, ko zuke shi, ko hana shi zuba, sabanin yadda al’ummar Hausawa suke riyawa. Da a ce akwai alaka, to da an gano hakan a kimiyyance tun tsawon wannan lokaci.

Wanda ya fara bincike kan wannan yanayi na gajimare dai shi ne Al-Imam Ibnul Haitham, daya cikin manyan Malaman Musulunci da ke bincike kan kimiyya da kere-kere a kasar Fasha (Persia). Wannan malami yayi fice sosai kan fannin kimiyya musamman bangaren Fiziya da Sararin Samaniya. A cikin littafinsa mai suna “Maqaalah fil Haala wa Qaus Quzah”, wanda littafi ne da ya rubuta musamman kan wannan yanayi na gajimare, ya mike kafa sosai wajen bayani kan wannan yanayi. A cikin littafin yayi kokarin gano yadda wannan yanayi ne ke samuwa, kuma kamar yadda bayanai suka gabata, shi ne wanda ya fara bincike a wannan fanni. Wannan malami yayi rayuwa ne shekaru dari tara da suka wuce. Daga nan sai Ibn Sina, daya cikin manyan malaman Falsafa da Likitanci, ya kama tafarkinsa. Duk da cewa sun yi zamani daya ne da Ibnul Haitham, Ibn Sina ya riga shi rasuwa. Bayan Ibn Sina kuma sai wani babban malami dan kasar Sin mai suna Shen Kuo da ya zo a bayansu. Shi ma ya taba nasa binciken ya tafi. Bayan Shen Kuo, sai ga wani malamin Musulunci dan kasar Farisa mai suna Qutubud Deen Al-Shiraazi wanda ya rasu shekaru dari shida da suka gabata. Da ya tafi, sai wani almajirinsa mai suna Kamalud Deen al-Farisi yayi nazarin littafin Ibnul Haitham mai suna Kitabul Manaazir, ya kuma gabatar da nasa binciken shi ma kan wannan yanayi na gajimare.

Da tafiya tayi nisa, sai aka sake samun wani cikin malaman kasar Turai mai suna Robert Bacon, shi ma yayi bincike mai fadi kan wannan yanayi. A daidai wannan lokaci ne aka fassara wani littafin Ibnul Haitham mai suna Kitaabul Manaazir, wanda Robert Bacon yayi nazari mai zurfi a kansa. Daga nan kuma sai ga Rene Descartes da littafinsa mai suna Discourse on Method, duk a kan wannan yanayi na gajimare. Da shekaru suka kara nisa sai ga Isaac Newton, wanda ya haddade iya launukan da ke jikin gajimare da cewa guda bakwai ne, kuma ya sanar da sunayen wadanda suka fi shahara ko bayyanuwa daga cikinsu, kamar yadda muka sanar a sama. Bayan Isaac Newton sai Thomas Young, shi ma yayi bincike kan wannan yanayi na gajimare. Da ya wuce kuma sai ga George Biddell Airy, wanda ya gano cewa, kaifin launukan da ke jikin gajimare ya danganta ne da girman digon ruwa ko hazo ko danshin da ke jikin giragizai. Mutum na karshe da ake tinkaho da sakamakon bincikensa a halin yanzu shi ne Gustav Mie, wanda ya fitar da wata ka’ida ta binciken ilmi mai suna “Mie Scattering”, kuma ita ce ka’idar da masu bincike a wannan fanni ke amfani da ita har zuwa yau. Wannan malami yayi wannan bincike ne a shekarar 1908.

Daga bayanan da suka gabata, a bayyane yake cewa lallai Malaman kimiyya sun bayar da lokacinsu sosai wajen bincike da kokarin gano wannan yanayi mai cike da tsari da mamaki. Kuma a iya bincikensu, babu wanda ya gano cewa wannan yanayi na gajimare na da wata tasiri ta musamman kan al’umma ko duniya, sabanin bayyanannun dalilan kimiyya da suka fito fili. Har wa yau, tun da addinin Musulunci bai sanar da haka ba, to mu ma tuni muka takaita kan abin da muka ji kuma muke gani. Imaninmu kuwa ya takaita ne kan cewa: “wannan yanayi na gajimare, kamar sauran yanayin kimiyya masu faruwa – irinsu kisfewar hasken rana ko wata da sauran makamantansu – yanayi ne da ke tabbatar da tsarin da duniyar ke gudanuwa a kai, da kuma cewa lallai ba su suka samar da kansu ba, akwai wanda ya samar dasu – watau Allah Madaukakin Sarki”.

Sakonnin Masu Karatu ta Tes

Ban Hakuri

Sabanin yadda nayi alkawri cikin shekarar da ta gabata cewa a duk mako zan rika buga sakonnin tes ko na Imel da masu karatu ke aikowa, tare da amsa su, hakan bai faru ba saboda shagala irin tawa. Da fatan za a min hakuri kan abinda ya wuce, kuma zan ci ga da ganin cewa na lazimci wannan dabi’a, don tafi sauki. A yau zan amsa dukkan sakonnin tes da kuka aiko a baya, sannan kuma a makonni masu zuwa in ci gaba da bin tsarin da nayi alkawari. Kamar kullum, muna mika godiyarmu ga dukkan masu aiko da sakonnin godiya da gamsuwa, da masu bugo waya don yin hakan su ma; musamman ganin cewa baza mu iya ambaton sunayensu ba, saboda yawa da kuma maimatuwan hakan a lokuta dabam-daban. Mun gode matuka.

Mu’amala da Intanet a Wayar Salula

Salamun Alaikum Baban Sadik, don Allah ko zan iya saukar da Opera Mini a cikin waya ta nau’in “Sagem My X-7”, don shiga Intanet a saukake? - Dalibinka, Abdu Maigyada, Jas: 07031297258.

Malam Abdu Maigyada sannu da kokari, kuma mun gode da wannan sako naka. Saukar da manhajar “Opera Mini” a wayar salula ba wani abu bane mai wahala. Sai kaje inda ake shigar da adireshin gidan yanar sadarwa a wayar, ka sanya wannan rariyar likau din: http://mini.opera.com. Idan shafin ya budo, sai ka zabi zubin (version) manhajar (“Version 4.2”), ka matsa. Nan take wayarka zata saukar da manhajar a cikinta, sannan ta tambayeka ko kana son a loda maka wannan manhaja ta yadda zaka iya amfani da ita. Idan ka amsa, sai ta loda maka. Daga nan sai kaje inda aka ajiye maka ita, don ci gaba da amfani da ita. A karshe, ka tabbata kana da rajista da kamfanin wayarka, in kuwa ba haka ba, to baza ka iya mu’amala da fasahar Intanet a wayar ba. Da fatar ka gamsu.

Assalaamu Alaikum, don Allah ka taimaka min wajen samar da hanyar karanta jarida ta hanyar Intanet a waya ta. Wayar ita ce “TECNO 570”. - 07084085752

Bayanai kan yadda ake iya mu’amala da fasahar Intanet a wayar salula sun sha maimaituwa a wannan shafi. Amma a gurguje, kayi rajista da kamfanin wayarka don samun damar iya mu’amala da fasahar Intanet a wayar, sannan ka tabbata akwai ka’idojin WAP da ke taimaka ma wayar salula yin hakan. Wadannan, a takaice, su ne muhimman hanyoyin. Idan ana tare damu cikin silsilar da muka faro kan Wayar Salula da dukkan tsare-tsarenta, za a samu cikakken bayani in Allah Ya so. Da fatan za a amfana da dan abinda ya samu yanzu. Mun gode.

Assalaamu Alaikum Baban Sadik, ina fatan kana cikin koshin lafiya, Allah sa haka, amin. Don Allah ina son ka sanar dani game da yadda zanyi saitin fasahar Intanet a waya ta. Domin duk sadda na tashi don na ziyarci shafin yanar sadarwa, sai a ce dani: “GPRS Not Subscribed”. Da na tuntubi kamfanin layin wayar, sai su ce: “Cannot Send Setting to this Type of Phone, Please Visit www.mtnonline.com”. Idan na tuntube su, sai suce bazan samu damar tuntuba ko kuma “Subscribe” din “GPRS” ba. To ko akwai wata hanyar da zan bi ba tare da ita “General Packet Radio Service” ba? Da fatan za ka amsa min. - Mustafa Rabi’u, Kano: 08131904162

Malam Mustafa sannu da kokari. Lallai ka sha zagaye-zagaye. Kuma ga shi baka gaya mana nau’in wayar da kake amfani da ita ba. Domin ba kowace irin waya bace ke karba, tare da iya sarrafa sakonnin da kamfanin waya ke aiko mata. Abinda wannan ke nufi shine, sai an je an sanya maka dukkan ka’idoji da kuma kalmomin da ake bukata, da hannu, watau “manual configuration”. A ka’ida, kamata yayi ace da zarar kamfanin waya ya aiko sakon tes, wayar ta kalli sakon da ya aiko. Idan na mai wayar ce, sai ta adana masa, tare da sanar dashi cewa ya samu sako. Idan kuma sako ne irin wanda waya ke iya sarrafa shi nan take, za ta ajiye masa ne. Da zarar ya budo ya karanta, zai ga abinda ake bukatar yayi da sakon. Idan bai fahimci sakon ba, kuma yayi kokarin rufewa, wayar za ta sanar dashi abinda ya kamata yayi da sakon, ta hanyar tambayarsa. Wannan na yiwuwa ne a galibin wayoyin salula na zamani, kuma na asali. Akwai wasu wayoyin da ba a tarbiyyantar dasu yin hakan ba tun wajen kera su. Ire-iren su sune irin wayoyin da ke zuwa daga kasashen Asiya. Shawarata a nan ita ce, kaje wajen duk wani mai gyarar wayar salula da ka sani, kwararre (zan maimaita: kwararre), don ya maka saitin wayar da hannu. Allah sa a dace, amin.

Assalaamu Alaikum Baban Sadik, ina amfani da waya nau’in SonyEricsson Z520i, don Allah ina son a taimaka min da yadda zan rika aikawa da sakonni da bude su idan an aiko mani. - Ibn Fiqh, Saabiqus-Thabaty, Trikania, Nassarawa, Kaduna: 08131392572

Malam Saabiq barka da war haka, da fatan ana lafiya. Baka sanar damu ko a halin yanzu kana iya mu’amala da fasahar Intanet a wayarka ba. In kana iyawa, sai kaje inda ake shigar da adireshi a wayar, ka sanya: http://mobile.yahoo.com/mail/p Ga masu amfani da wayar salula nau’in “iPhone”, su shigar da: http://mobile.yahoo.com/mail/iPhone Wannan shine adireshin shiga manhajar Imel na kamfanin Yahoo! a wayar salula. Shafi zai budo inda zaka shigar da suna (username) da kalmomin shiga (password), sannan ka matsa inda aka rubuta “login” ko “enter”, don shiga. Idan ka shiga, za ka ga sakonninka, sai ka matsa duk wanda kake son karantawa. Idan kuma sako kake son aikawa, sai ka dubi sama a shafin, za ka ga alamar “compose”, sai ka matsa. Shafin allon rubutu zai budo maka, sai ka shigar da adireshin wanda kake son aika masa, ka gangaro kasa don shiga allon rubutun, in ka gama rubutawa kuma, sai ka gangaro kasa har wa yau, ka matsa alamar “Send”, don aikawa. Idan baka mu’amala da Intanet a wayar, sai ka nemi kamfanin wayarka ya aiko maka da tsarin da zai taimaka maka wajen yin hakan. Gamsassun bayanai kan wannan tsari na nan tafe a silsilar da muka faro kan wayar salula. Da fatar ka gamsu.

Assalaamu Alaikum Baban Sadik, da fatan kana lafiya. Bayan haka, wai shin don Allah me yasa idan kana lilo a Intanet ta wayar salula, baka samun shafin da ka ziyarta gaba dayansa, ba kamar yadda kake samu ba idan a kwamfuta ce, sai dai kawai a dan tsakuro maka wasu bayanai? - Ahmad M. Umar, Na’ibawa, Kano: 07068196146

Malam Ahmad barka da war haka. Ai “kama da wane, bata wane”. Ma’ana, babu yadda za a yi a samu daidai tsakanin shafin kwamfuta da na wayar salula wajen bayyana shafukan gidajen yanar sadarwa a wayar salula. Saboda girman shafukan da ke gidajen yanar sadarwar, baza su yi daidai da girman shafin da ke wayar salula ba. Abu na farko kenan. Abu na biyu kuma shine, a halin yanzu galibin gidajen yanar sadarwa suna kera shafuka na musamman da wayoyin salula ke iya shigansu ba tare da wata matsala ba. Zaka samu muhimman abinda kake bukata a shafin baki daya. Gidajen yanar sadarwa na manyan kamfanonin kwamfuta irinsu “Yahoo!”, da “Google” da “MSN” duk suna da irin wannan tsari. Don haka idan kana amfani da rariyar lilon da ke wayar ne (watau “Phone Brower”), wacce wayar ta zo dashi, to kana iya samun shafuka wadanda suka dace da yanayin wayarka. Da zarar ka shiga shafin, sai a loda maka wadannan shafukan na musamman da suka dace da wayar. Amma idan kana amfani ne da “Opera Mini”, misali, kana iya zuwa wajen “Settings”, ka tsara masarrafar ta yadda shafukan da ka shiga zasu rika budowa daidai da yanayin wayarka. Da fatan ka gamsu.

Assalaamu Alaikum, don Allah me yasa wayoyin salula na kasar Sin (China) basu iya shiga Intanet? - Sa’idu Danjuma, Kawo, Kaduna: 08096420965

Malam Danjuma, ban taba amfani da wayoyin salula na kasar Sin ba, amma nakan ji jama’a na korafi kansu sosai. Tabbas na gansu, na kuma shiga cikinsu don ganin yanayi da tsarinsu a fasahance. Suna da nakasu sosai ta bangaren sadarwa da mu’amala da wata waya ‘yar uwanta. Don haka, matsalar rashin iya mu’amala da fasahar Intanet a wayoyin Sin na komawa ne zuwa ga dayan dalilai biyu: na farko, ko dai ya zama saboda yanayin kiransu ne – ma’ana basu da ingancin da zasu iya taimakawa wajen yin hakan ta dadi. Na biyu kuma yana iya zama saboda rashin samun sinadaran da zasu taimaka mata don yin haka daga mai wajen mai ita ne. Misali, dole ne a samu tsarin da ke taimaka wa waya daga kamfanin waya, watau “Configuration Settings” kenan, kuma ya zama wayar tana da ka’idar mu’amala da Intanet, watau “Wireless Application Protocol”, ko “WAP” a gajarce. Da fatan ka gamsu.

Salamu Alaikum, ina son na kwafi bayanai daga Mudawwanar “Fasahar-Intanet” zuwa waya ta, amma da zarar na fara, sai ta nuno min: “out of memory”. Ya lamarin yake ne? - Khalil Nasir Kuriwa, Kiru, Kano: 07027275459

Idan haka ta kasance, hakan ke nuna cewa ma’adanar wayar salularka bata iya daukan yawan bayanan da kake son zuwa mata daga shafin da ka kwafo su. Don haka ka tabbata kana da wuri ko ma’adana mai yawa da zai iya karban mizanin bayanan da kake son kwafowa zuwa wayar. “out of Memory” na nufin mizanin ma’adanar wayarka yayi kadan ga bayanan da ka kwafo. Da fatan ka gamsu.

Kwayar Cutar Wayar Salula

Assalaamu Alaikum Baban Sadik, da fatan kai da abokan aiki kuna cikin koshin lafiya, Allah sa haka, amin. Shin da gaske ne wai kamar yadda na’ura mai kwakwalwa ke harbuwa da cuta (virus infection), haka ma wayar salula (irinsu Nokia E-Series da makamantansu) ke harbuwa da cutar? Kuma ko mutum zai iya sa wa wayarsa kariya, watau Anti-virus? - Uncle B. Bash, Jimeta, Yola: 07069045367

Dubun gaisuwa da fatan alheri ga Uncle Bash, da fatan ana cikin koshin lafiya. Tabbas haka ne; wayoyin salula na kamuwa da kwayoyin cuta kamar yadda kwamfutoci ma ke kamuwa. Domin kusan duk tsarinsu iri daya ne. Kai ba ma su kadai ba, hatta na’urorin janyo siginar tauraron dan Adam na zamani da muke amfani dasu wajen kallon tauraron dan Adam (watau “Satellite Receivers” ko “Decorders”), duk suna iya kamuwa da kwayoyin cutar. Babban dalili kuwa shine, saboda tsari da kimtsin ruhin da suke amfani dashi duk iri daya ne. Ana iya sanya wa wayar salula manhajar kariya da goge kwayoyin cuta, watau “Anti-virus”. Akwai manhajoji na musamman da aka gina don wannan aiki. Wasu kyauta ake samunsu. Wasu kuma sai da kudi. Yana da kyau mai karatu ya san cewa samun wadannan manhajoji kyauta a wajen masu sanya abubuwa a wayar salula da muke dasu a biranenmu, ba zai iya kare wayar daga kamuwa ba, sai ana kara wa manhajar tagomashi ta hanyar Intanet, don tabbatar da cewa ta haddace sunayen dukkan kwayoyin cutar da ke rayuwa a zamanin da take. Wannan shi ake kira “Virus Update”, kuma kana iya yin hakan ne ta hanyar manhajar, idan akwai ka’idar Intanet a wayar. Idan kaje inda ake yin “Update” din, ka matsa, za a shige da kai ne kai tsaye zuwa shafin kamfanin da ya kirkiri manhajar, don bai wa manhajar damar haddace sabbin sunayen kwayoyin cutar da bata sansu ba. In kuwa ba haka ba, to babu wani amfani da za a samu na kariya, wai don an sanya ma waya wannan manhaja. Da fatan ka gamsu.

Salam, don Allah ka taimaka min da inda zan yi da kwayar cutar kwamfuta a waya ta, watau Virus. Don suna tayar min da hankali. Ka huta lafiya! - 08023672341

Shawarar da zan bayar ita ce, aje a samu masu gyarar wayar salula don su duba wayar. Don a nan bazan iya sanin wasu dabi’u take nunawa ba balle in san shin kwayar cutar kwamfuta ce ta kama ta ko a a. Amma idan aka je wajen masu gyara, suna iya fahimtar hakan. Allah sa a dace.

Shawara kan Kwarewa a Ilmin Kwamfuta

Assalam Baban Sadik, Allah Ya kaddare ni da karanta kasidarka mai taken: “Hanyar Sadarwa ta Rediyo a Intanet”, wadda ka rubuta a jaridar AMINIYA tun watan Agustar bara (2008), kuma nayi murna musamman ma da na ga wanda ya rubuta ta musulmi ne. Bayan haka, nayi Difloma kan Ilmin Kwamfuta amma har yanzu ban samu kwarewa mai zurfi ba a fannin Intanet, amma wasu hanyoyi suka kamata na bi? Wassalam - 08063446395

Malam barka da war haka, kuma mun gode da wannan sako na neman shawara. Ya danganci abinda kake nema ko son kwarewa a kai. Idan so kake ka dauki fannin Intanet a matsayin fannin kwarewa da cin abinci, sai ka sake neman makarantun da ake koyar da ilmin kwamfuta, don yin nazari na musamman a kai. Idan kuma a matsayin fannin sha’awa ne kawai da motsa kwakwalwa, sai ka lazimci ziyartar gidajen yanar sadarwa don sabawa da fasahar. Kwarewa kan fasahar Intanet ba karatu bane tsantsa, a a, aikata abinda aka koyo ne lokacin karatu. Wannan, a takaice shine abinda zan iya cewa. Ina kuma rokon Allah ya baka juriya da kwazo da dagewa kan abin. Da fatar ka gamsu.

Girgidin Jirgi a Saman Tsauni

Malam Abdullahi nakan ji wasu suna cewa: idan jirgin sama yazo saitin tsaunuka, ana fahimtar jirgin yana girgiza. Me ye gaskiyar lamarin ne? - Khalil Nasir Kuriya, Kiru: 07069191677

Malam Khalil barka da kokari. Watau wannan Magana haka take: lallai jirgi kan girgiza idan yazo saman tsauni a halin tafiyarsa. Ba ma tsauni kadai ba, ko cikin hazo ya shiga akan samu irin wannan girgiza…kaji kamar a saman duwatsu kuke tafiya. Duk wanda ya taba hawa jirgin sama, zai tabbatar maka da hakan. Bayan wadannan wurare har wa yau, idan jirgi yazo saman teku ma, yana iya samun wannan cikas. Babban dalilin da ke haddasa wannan cikas da jirgi ke samu kuwa shine idan iskar da ke sama ta kara kiba da tumbatsa zuwa sama ko kasa ko kuma gefen dama da hagu, sanadiyyar wani abinda ya tare ta a halin tafiyarta. Misali, idan iskar da ke can sama na tafiya daga gabas ne zuwa yamma, a guje, da zarar taci karo da wani tsauni, nan take sai iskar ta takura wuri guda, tayi toroko zuwa sama, ko kasa, ko kuma gefen dama da hagu. To idan aka yi sa’a (ko rashin sa’a) jirgi yazo saman wannan tsauni a daidai lokacin da iskar taci karo dashi, sai ya fara girgiza, saboda sauyin yanayin iska da ya samu. Idan a baya yana tafiya ne lafiya lau, yanzu iskar da tsaunin ya kado zuwa sama, zai kara tunkuda jirgin sama ko kasa, ko kuma zuwa wani gefe daban. Haka abin yake idan jirgi ya shiga cikin hazo. Domin shigansa cikin hazon na sauya masa yanayin iskar da ya baro a kasa ko can sama ne. Wannan tsari na sauya wa jirgi yanayin tafiyarsa sanadiyyar sauyin yanayin iska da ke sama, shi ne Malaman Fiziya (Physics) ke kira “Turbulence”. Da fatan ka gamsu.

Tasirin Wayar “Fiber-Optics” Wajen Sadarwa

Salam, tare da fatan alheri, ina fatan dukkan makaranta wannan fili muna lafiya, amin. Baban Sadik, wai ita wannan waya da kamfanin MTN take sanyawa a kasa, mene ne amfaninta ga sadarwa? Kuma mutane suna cewa tana hade da sadarwa irin ta Intanet wajen sauri; meye gaskiyar al’amarin? - Ibrahim Yahaya Mai Ruwa Dan-hutu: 07080948888

Malam Ibrahim Dan-hutu lallai wannan tambaya ce mai muhimmanci ga harkar sadarwa kowane iri ne kuwa. Ina fatan Allah ya bamu lokaci na musamman don mu gabatar da doguwar kasida kan yadda wannan tsari ke aiki. Da farko dai abinda kaji ana fada na alakar da ke tsakanin wannan waya da ake binnewa a karkashin kasa da kuma sadarwa ta wayar tarho musamman, gaskiya ne ko shakka babu. Na biyu kuma, wannan waya da ake shimfidawa, ba waya bace kamar sauran wayoyi. Waya ce ta “kunun gilasai”, wadda aka tsattsaga gwargwadon kaurin silin gashin kai. Yadda abin yake shine, gilasai ake narkawa, ko damawa, kamar kunu, sannan a sandarar dashi, tare da yayyanka shi filla-filla, ko sille-sille, ko sili-sili, gwargwadon kaurin gashin kai, sannan a hada su wuri guda, a suturce su da gasassun robobi (plastics), sannan a maye samansu da dafaffiyar roba (rubber). Wannan nau’in waya ita ake kira “Fiber-Optics”, ko kuma “Optical Fiber Cables”. Kuma su ne wayoyin da suka fi saurin isar da sakonnin murya ko bayanai ko bidiyo, saboda suna tafiya ne a matsayin haske, cikin gaggawa ba bata lokaci. Idan kana son fahimtar yadda tsarin saurin isar da sako da wannan waya ke yi, ka dubi yadda haske ke saurin isa idan aka haska tocila daga bakin wani bututu, zuwa karshensa. Nan take zai isa. Idan ma bututun ba a saiti yake ba, sai ka dubi inda yake da kwana, ka sanya gilashi a wajen. Da zarar ka kara haskawa, dungun da ke dauke da gilashi zai cilla hasken zuwa gaba, har ya isa inda ake son yaje. To idan ka dubi wannan waya da aka kera da gilasai, sai ka ga cewa da zarar ballin haske ya sauka kan sillin waya guda daya, to duk zata haskaka sauran, tare da isar da hasken da ke dauke da bayanan cikin gaugawa. Wannan kuma ya shafi hasken da ke dauke da murya ne (Tarho da Rediyo), ko bayanai (Intanet), ko kuma hotuna masu motsi da daskararru (TV da Bidiyo), misali. Don haka kake ganin kamfanin MTN (da ma GLO) suna binne wannan waya, don inganta tsarin sadarwarsu tsakanin tashoshin sadarwarsu da suka game dukkan jihohin kasar nan. Kai ba nan kasar kadai ba, galibin manyan tekunan duniya na dauke ne da wadannan wayoyi a cikinsu, ko karkashinsu, wadanda kamfanonin sadarwa na kasashe dabam-daban ke binnewa don isar da sadarwa cikin gaugawa da sauki a duniya baki daya. Da fatan ka gamsu.

Sabuwar Mudawwana

Assalaamu Alaikum, Malam a duba min mudawwana ta da ke: http://munbarin-musulunci.blogspot.com, a Intanet. - Aliyu M. Sadisu: 08064022965

Malam Aliyu sannu da aiki. Lallai na shiga Mudawwanar “Munbarin Musulunci” da ka bude a Intanet, na kuma gamsu da irin sakonnin da kake isarwa na ciyar da al’umma gaba a Musulunce. Wannan aiki ne mai gwabin lada, kuma Allah Ya albarkaci wanann yunkuri taka, amin. Dangane da tsarin Mudawwanar kuma, ina ganin ba wata matsala. Domin kana shigar da kasidun yadda ya kamata. Illa dai abinda zan iya cewa shine, ka cire alamar ruwa biyu (watau :) da ka sanya a tsakanin “BARKA DA ZUWA” da kuma “MUNBARIN MUSULUNCI”. Kawai ka mayar dashi jumla guda, kamar haka: “Barka da Zuwa Munbarin Musulunci”. Allah sa mu dace baki daya, amin.

Manhajar Canja Murya a Wayar Salula

Salamu Alaikum Baban Sadik, tambayata ita ce: tsarin canje-canjen sautin murya na wayar salula, watau Magic Voices; Malam karin bayani nake nema dangane da yadda tsarinsa yake? - Aliyu Muktar Sa’id (IT), Kano: 08034332200

Malam Aliyu sannu da aiki, kwana biyu bamu gaisa ba. Da fatan kana cikin koshin lafiya, amin. Tsarin “Magic Voices” a fannin sadarwar tarho ko wayar salula, shine tsarin da ke bai wa mai waya damar canja sautin muryarsa da aka sanshi da ita, zuwa wata murya dabam. Misali, kana iya canja muryarka ta koma ta mace, idan namiji ne kai, ko kuma ta zama siririya, idan babbar murya kake da ita. Hakan na faruwa ne cikin sauki a wayar salula sanadiyyar wata manhaja da aka kera wayar da ita. Sannan kana iya neman ire-iren wadannan manhajojin canjin murya ka sanya wa wayarka. Duk wanda ya kira ka, kafin ka amsa, kana iya canja muryarka. Maimakon ya ji asalin muryarka, sai yaji wata murya dabam. Sai dai kuma, idan ba tsananin bukata bace ta kama, bai dace a kullum mutum ya rika yaudarar mutane da wata murya ba: ko don ba ya son Magana dasu, ko don kauce musu. Yana da kyau a kullum mutum ya zama yana wakiltar kansa. Ire-iren wayoyin salular da ke zuwa da irin wannan tsari galibinsu daga kasar Sin (China) ake zuwa dasu. Da fatar ka gamsu.

Godiya da Yabo

“Yabon gwani ya zama dole”. A cikin duka shafukan AMINIYA, shafi na 16 (watau Shafin “Kimiyya da Fasaha”) shine gwani na, saboda ina karuwa dashi ainun, kasancewar ni mutum ne mai son mu’amala da na’urar kwamfuta da sauransu. Baban Sadik Allah ya kara maka basira a kan aikinka, amin. - Bashir (GZG964), Minna, Neja: 08034629830

Malam Bashir mun gode da wannan addu’a taka, kuma Allah ya mana jagora baki daya, kuma inda an ga kura-kurai cikin abinda muke ciyar da kwakwalen mutane, to don Allah a rika tunatar damu. Allah saka maka da alheri, amin.

Jakar “Recycle Bin” a Kwamfuta

Salamu alaikum Baban Sadik, tambayata ita ce: meye amfanin “Recycle Bin” a jikin kwamfuta? - Aliyu Muktar Sa’idu (IT), Kano: 08034332200

Malam Aliyu amfanin jakar “Recycle Bin” da ke shafi ko fuskar kwamfuta, shine taskance dukkan bayanan da ka goge ko share daga kwamfutarka. Kamar kwandon zuba shara ce, ko bola. Duk sa’adda ka goge wasu bayanai (delete) daga kwamfutar, an tsara kwamfutar ne ta yadda za ta rika zuba su a cikin wannan Kwando ko burgamin adana bayanai. Hikimar yin hakan shine, idan ka canza ra’ayi daga baya kaji kana bukatar abinda ka share ko goge, to kana iya bude wannan jaka, ka matsa jakar bayanin da kake bukata, za a mayar maka da jakar bayanin zuwa inda aka dauko ta da farko. Har way au, kana iya share karikitan da ke cikin wannan jaka gaba daya. Sai dai kuma idan ka share shikenan. Baza ka taba samun abinda ka zuba ciki ba. A takaice dai, aikin “Recycle Bin” shine ajiye maka share da ka sharo daga cikin kwamfuta. Idan kana bukata, kana iya komawa ka nemo su. Amma idan ka share su duka daga cikin jakar, shikenan. Da fatan ka gamsu.

Tsarin “GPRS” a Wayar Salula

Assalaamu alaikum, Baban Sadik ina fatan kana lafiya. Bayan haka, tambaya ta a kan GPRS ne: wani lokaci alamar “G” na bayyana a waya, wani lokaci kuma alamar “E” ne ke bayyana. Ko hakan me yake nufi, dangane da bambancin da wadannan haruffan? - Muhammad Abbass, Lafiya, Nassarawa: 08036647666

Malam Muhammad Abbass barka da war haka. Babu wani bambanci dangane da abinda wadannan alamu guda biyu ke nunawa a shafin wayarka a yayin da kake lilo ko mu’amala da fasahar Intanet. Bayyanar hakan shi ke nuna cewa kana mu’amala da fasahar Intanet ne ta hanyar tsarin “GPRS” da kamfanin wayarka ke da ita. Don haka, idan ka ga alamar “G” ko “E”, to duk suna nufin tsarin “GPRS” ne, wanda ke amfani da tsarin nau’in sadarwa ta “2G”. A wayoyin salula na zamani masu amfani da tsari ko nau’in sadarwa ta “3G” ko “3.5G”, alamar “3.5G” suke nunawa. Don haka idan kaga “E” ko “G”, to duk tsarin “GPRS” ne. Duk da yake wasu masana sun tafi a kan cewa alamar “E” na ishara ne zuwa ga ingantacciyar tsarin “GPRS” mai suna “EGPRS” (watau “Enhanced General Packet Radio Service”), mai amfani da tsarin sadarwa nau’in “2.5G”. Da fatan ka gamsu.

Majalisun Yahoo Groups

Assalaamu Alaikum Baban Sadik, wane irin alfanu Internet Groups, irinsu Yahoo Groups ke dauke da shi? Malam mai zai hana ka bude wa wannan filin nashi? - Ahmad Muhammad Amoeva, Kano: 08066038946

Malam Ahmad abinda ake nufi da “Yahoo Groups” shine “Majalisun Tattaunawa ta Intanet”. Matattara ce inda mutane ke haduwa don tattauna wasu al’amura na rayuwa da addini. Wasu sun ta’allaka ne kan abinci, ko abin sha, ko tufafi, ko motocin hawa, ko zamantakewa, ko addini da dai sauransu. Tattaunawar ana yin ta ne ta hanyar sakonnin Imel. Da zarar ka shiga cikin majalisar ta hanyar rajista, duk sa’adda wani mamba ya aiko da sako, akwai wata manhaja ko masarrafar kwamfuta mai suna “Listserver” da ke cilla sakon ga dukkan mambobi. Sai ya zama abinda Malam “A” ya gani, shine abinda Malam “B” zai gani a jakar Imel dinsa. Shahararrun Majalisun Tattaunawa na harshen Hausa su ne: Majalisar Fina_finan Hausa, da Majalisar Marubuta, da Majalisar Nurul-Islam (wacce nake lura da ita), da kuma Majalisar Hausa-da-Hausawa. Wannan shawara ce mai kyau, kuma zan duba yiwuwar hakan in gani. Abinda wannan tsari ke bukata shine hadin kai da kuma lazimtar majalisar, don amfanuwa da abinda ake tattaunawa a ciki. Idan ma har na bude, to zai zama wajen tattaunawa ce da neman agaji kai tsaye ga dukkan masu matsaloli, kamar dai yadda ake yi ta hanyar tes. Tun farko ban yi hakan bane don tunatin cewa wayar salula a halin yanzu ta rinjayi rayuwar mutane. An fi karkata wajen aiko da sakonni ta hanyar wayoyin salula da hanyar Intanet. Wannan tasa na dan ja da baya. Amma dai, kamar yadda nace a sama, zan duba yiwuwar hakan nan gaba. Mun gode.

Asalin Launuka

Salamu Alaikum Baban Sadik, tambaya ta ita ce: meye asalin launuka (colours) ne? – Aliyu Muktar Sa’idu (IT), Kano: 08034332200

Malam Aliyu wannan tambaya ce mai muhimmanci, kuma kasancewar bayanai kan haka sun ta’allaka ne ga tsantsar Kimiyyar lissafi da halitta a lokaci guda, nake ba da hakuri cewa sai hali ya samu zamu yi zama na musamman, don gabatar da bincike na musamman kan haka. Amsa kan haka na bukatar gamsasshen bayani, wanda fili irin na amsa tambayoyi bazai iya bamu dama ba. Don haka nake neman afuwa sai zuwa wani lokaci. Na gode.

Tsarin ‘Yan Dandatsa (Hackers)

“Hackers” da “Botnets”: akwai wani bambanci ne a tsakaninsu, ko duk abu daya ne? Ka huta lafiya. - Khalil Nasir Kuriwa, Kiru, Kano: 07069191677

Ko kadan ba daya suke ba. A ilmin sadarwa ta kwamfuta, idan aka ce “Hackers”, ana nufin ‘yan Dandatsa kenan, masu amfani da kwarewarsu ta ilmin kwamfuta da dukkan hanyoyin sadarwa, wajen cutar da kwamfutocin mutane ko hukumomi ko kungiyoyi, a ko ina suke a duniya. Duk da yake wasu kan yi amfani da kalmar har wa yau wajen nufin kwararru kan ilmin kwamfuta da hanyoyin sadarwa a sake ba kaidi, su kuma yi amfani da kalmar “Crackers” ga nau’in kwararru na farko. Amma abinda yafi shahara a bakin mutane a duniya yanzu idan aka ambaci “Hackers”, shine kwararru masu ta’addanci ga kwamfuta. A daya bangaren kuma, kalmar “Botnets” kalma ce mai tagwayen asali. Daga kalmomin “Robot”, da kuma “Networks” aka tsago ta. A ilmin kwamfuta da tsarin sadarwa na zamani, idan aka ce “Botnets” ana nufin gungun kwamfutoci wadanda suka samo asali daga kasashe dabam-daban, da wasu ‘Yan Dandatsa suka mallake su ta hanyar miyagun masarrafan kwamfuta, kuma suke basu umarni don su darkake wasu kwamfutoci na musamman da ke wasu kasashe ko birane a duniya. Suna yin hakan ne ta hanyar amfani da kalmomi ko lambobin kwamfutocin da suke son darkakewa, watau “Internet Protocols” ko “IP Address” a turance. Don haka, Kalmar “Hackers” tana nufin masu yin dandatsanci. Ita kuma kalmar “Botnets” na nufin tsarin aikin ta’addancin da suke yi. Da fatar ka gamsu.

Aika Sakonnin Imel

Baban Sadik, tambaya ta ita ce: shin yaya zan yi in aika da sakon Imel ga mutane da yawa a lokaci guda? - Bashir, Minna, Naija: bashir.kasim@yahoo.com

Malam Bashir, aikawa da sakon Imel ga mutane masu yawa babu wahala. Idan ka budo allon rubutu, watau “Compose”, sai ka shigar da adireshin wadanda kake son aika musu a filin da aka rubuta “To”. Idan ka rubuta adireshin farko, sai ka sanya alamar wakafi (watau “comma” - , -), sannan ka sanya na biyu, ka sa wakafi, ka sanya na uku, ka sa wakafi…har sai ka sanya dukkan adireshin wadanda kake son aika musu. Wannan haka tsarin yake: a kwamfuta kake, ko a wayar salula. Da fatar ka gamsu.

Wayoyin Salula Masu Katin SIM Biyu

Salam Malam, sai naga layin MTN a wayar salula mai Katin SIM guda biyu, yana komawa “MNT”. A wata wayar kuma, layukan suna komawa lambobi maimakon sunan kamfanin wayar. - Khalil Nasir Kuriwa, Kiru, Kano: 07027275459

Malam Khalil, ta yiwu akwai matsala tare da wayar. Don kusan dukkan wayoyin salula na zamani suna da manhajar da ke iya nuna sunan kamfanin wayar da aka sanyan musu katin SIM dinsa. Idan kaga wayar na nuna maka “MNT”, maimakon “MTN”, a iya cewa matsalar daga wayar ce, ba daga kamfanin wayan ba. In kuwa daga kamfani wayan ne, to bai kamata ya zama a wayarka ce kadai matsalar ba, musamman a bangaren da kake. Kamata yayi a ce dukkan masu amfani da katin MTN su ma nasu ta rika nuna “MNT”. A daya bangaren kuma, rashin nuna sunan kamfanin waya a fuskar waya kuma, ya danganci kirar wayar. In har wayar ‘yar asali ce (irin nau’in “Samsung” mai katin SIM guda biyu, ‘yar asali), ba irin kirar Sin ba, ya kamata ta nuna. Amma idan kirar Sin ce, ba matsala idan bata nunawa. Hakan na iya zama nakasa ce daga kamfanin da ya kera wayar; ma’ana bai tarbiyyantar da ita yin hakan ba. Da fatan ka gamsu.

Me Ke Cin Batir a Wayar Salula?

Salamu Alaikum Baban Sadik, tambaya ta dangane da wayar salula ce: shin da kira, da amsa kira, wanne ne yafi cin batirin waya ne? - Aliyu Muktar Sa’idu (IT), Kano: 08034332200

Ya danganci tsarin mu’amala da wayar. Idan wayar salula tana ajiye a kunne, ba a amfani da ita, bata cin batir sosai. Kamar mota ce ka tayar da ita, ka barta tana diri (slow). Idan kana shiga wurare don shigar da lamba ko gogewa ko wani abu daban, cin batirinta yafi na lokacin da take ajiye babu komai. Idan kuma kana sauraron wakoki, ko kallon talabijin, ko sauraron rediyo, ko yin wasa (da “games”) da sauran makamantansu, cin batirinsa yafi na yanayin baya. A karshe, idan wayar tana mu’amala da wata wayar, ta hanyar aika sako ta Bluetooth ko Infra-red ko Kwamfuta, ko kuma tana halin kara sanadiyyar kira (ringing), ko yanayin amsa kira ko yin kira da Magana da abokin kira, ko neman balas, ko neman yanayin sadarwa (Network Search), wayar tafi cin batir sosai. A takaice dai, idan waya tana mu’amala da wata wayar (ta hanyar kira ko amsa kira ko karba ko aika bayanai), ko kuma tashar sadarwar kamfanin waya (Telecom Base Station), tafi cin batir sosai. Illa dai yanayin cin ya danganci tsawon lokacin da aka dauka ne ana kira ko amsa kiran, ko aikawa da sakonnin ko karbansu. Da fatan

Shafin “Kimiyya da Fasaha” Ya Canza Take

Na tabbata masu karatu sun lura da sauyin take da aka samu a wannan shafi, daga “Kimiyya da Fasaha” zuwa “Kimiyya da Kere-kere”. Hakan ba kuskure bane na mashin, lokaci ne yayi da ya kamata wannan sauyi ya samu. A takaice ma dai, har wasu cikin masu karatu sun bugo waya don nuna farin cikinsu da wannan canji da aka samu. Duk da haka mun ga dacewar gabatar da fadakarwa da kuma dalilan da suka haddasa hakan.

Wannan shafi dai ya dade yana daukan taken “Kimiyya da Fasaha”. To amma idan mai karatu ya yi la’akari da nau’ukan bayanai ko kasidun da ake bugawa a shafin, zai ga cewa: ko dai bayanai ne kan yadda tsarin kimiyya yake – musamman kimiyyar sararin samaniya (astronomy) – ko kuma bayani kan tsarin kerarrun kayayyakin kimiyya ko fasaha. Ire-iren wadannan kerarrun kayayyaki sun hada da kwamfuta da wayoyin salula, da fasahar Intanet, da tsararrun hanyoyin sana’antawa tare da yada bayanai da dai sauransu. Kamar yadda muka sanar kuma mai karatu zai ci gaba da gani nan ba da dadewa ba, wannan shafi yana kan fadada fannonin bincike ne don dacewa da taken da tun farko aka bashi. Don haka kasidu kan kere-kere a fannin ababen hawa (automobile technology), da jiragen sama da dukkan nau’ukansu, da fannin kimiyyar sinadarai da na sararin samaniya, da kuma bangaren lantarki, duk za a ta cin karo dasu a wannan shafi. Haka ma abinda ya shafi fannin kimiyyar halittu. Fannin da muka yi kokarin kauce masa da gangan dai shine bangaren abinda ya shafi kimiyyar magunguna da yadda ake shansu. Wasu cikin masu karatu sun rubuto tambayoyi don neman shawara kan wasu kwayoyi da yadda ake shansu. Ban basu amsa ba saboda ina tunanin samun lokaci makamancin wannan don fadakarwa, da kuma nuna wa masu karatu iya haddin da wannan shafi ya takaita a kai. Shawarwari kan yadda ake shan magunguna ko tsarin da ya kamata a sha su, ko nau’ukan da suka kamata a sha, duk ba ya cikin hurumin wannan shafi. Akwai shafin Dakta Auwal Bala kan Kiwon Lafiya, wanda kuma ke amsa tambayoyi kan ire-iren wadannan al’amura, cikin ilmi da kwarewa. Sai a doshe shi don samun gamsuwa, tunda a kan haka ya kware.

A takaice dai, idan muka dubi dukkan wadannan kerarrun kayayyakin kimiyya da bayaninsu ya gabata, zamu ga cewa ba su bane “Fasahar”, a a, “sakamakon fasahar ne” – ko kace Technology a turancin zamani. Wannan tasa wasu ke fassara kalmar Technology da “Fasahar Kere-kere”, duk da cewa hakan ma kuskure ne. Abin da yafi dacewa da kalmar shine “kere-kere” kawai. Domin idan muka ce “fasahar kere-kere”, muna siffata nau’in fasahar da aka kera abin ne, ba wai abinda aka kera ba. Wanda mu kuma a wannan shafi muna nufin “wannan shafi ne don fa’idantuwa da bayanan da ke bayyana tsari da kimtsin kere-kere” – watau abinda aka kera su da fasahar kere-kere. Don haka muka canja taken wannan shafi zuwa “Kimiyya da Kere-kere”, kuma dai shine “Science and Technology” din, a harshen turancin zamani. Sai mu bibiyi wadannan kalmomi daya-bayan-daya don fa’idantuwa da sakon da suke bayarwa, a da, da ma wannan zamani da muke ciki.

Kalmar “Kimiyya” asalinta kalmar Larabci ce – daga “Al-Keemiya” - kuma tana da ma’anoni guda biyu, inji Mu’ujamul Waseet, watau daya daga cikin Kamus din Larabci na zamani. Kamus din yace: “Malaman da, ko magabata, suna amfani da wannan kalma ne don nufin canza nau’in ma’adanai daga wani nau’in zuwa wani.” Idan kuma suka ce “Ilmin Kimiyya”, suna nufin “...ilmin sanin yadda ake zagwanyar da sinadaran karkashin kasa ne, don samar da wani nau’in daban (musamman don mayar da su zinare).” Amma a wajen Malaman Zamani, a Larabce idan aka ce “Kimiyya”, in ji wannan Kamus, yana nufin: “...ilmin binciken wani fanni (musamman na karkashin kasa) mai dauke da dokoki (ko ka’idojin) da ke taimakawa wajen fahimtar tsarinsa.” (Mu’ujamul Waseet, shafi na 844). Wannan kalma ce Hausawa suka aro ta, kuma suke fassara ma’anar “Science” da ita, kamar yadda Neil Skinner ya tabbatar a cikin Kamus na Turanci da Hausa, shafi na 156, inda ya kawo kalmar Science, yace: “ilmi irin na zamani (kamar su Kimiyya).” Wannan ke nuna cewa kalmar “Kimiyya” da Hausawa ke nufi, shine ma’anar da kalmar turanci ta Science ke bayarwa, ba wacce ma’anar kalmar Larabci ke bayarwa ba. Wannan kenan.

A daya bangaren kuma, kalmar “Fasaha”, ita ma daga Larabci muka aro ta – asalinta shine: “Al-fasaahatu”, wadda ke nufin “bayyanawa...ko kubutar harshe ko lafuzza daga sarkakiyar zance ko rubutu, mai haddasa wahalar fahimta”, inji Mu’ujamul Waseet, a shafi na 723. A hausance idan aka ce “fasaha”, (dangane da wannan ma’ana da Kamus din ya bayar), ana nufin “bayyanannen abu, wanda babu sarkakiya a ciki ko wahalar fahimta a tare da shi”. A daya bangaren kuma, Kamus din yaci gaba: “Faseehi shine mutum mai kyautata zance, mai bambance kyakkyawa daga mummuna wajen zance.” A nashi bangaren, Al Imam Ibnul Atheer ma haka ya tabbatar a littafinsa mai suna An-Nihaayah fee Gareebil Hadeeth wal Athar, mujalladi na 3, shafi na 403. Ga abinda yace kan kalmar “Faseehi”, siffar mai “Fasaha”: “...(mutum) mai sakakkiyar harshe wajen zance, wanda ya san kyakkyawa daga mummuna.” Dukkan wadannan ma’anoni a Larabce kenan. Amma a harshen Hausa, kamar yadda ma’anar kalmar “’Kimiyya” a Larabce ta sha bamban da ma’anarta a Hausa, to haka ma ma’anar kalmar “Fasaha” ta sha bamban da ma’anarta na Larabci. A cikin Kamus dinsa mai suna Hausa-English Dictionary, shafi na 309, wanda kuma aka buga tun shekarar 1934, Likita Bergery ya kawo ma’anar kalmar “Fasaha” da abinda take nufi a Hausance da kuma Larabce, inda yace: “Fasaha: Cleverness, whether of brain or hand. (But in Arabic = Eloquence).” Kamar yadda sunan Kamus din ya nuna, marubucin kan kawo kalmar Hausa ce, sannan ya fassara ma’anarta a turance. Ya kuma tabbatar da cewa a Hausa kalmar “Fasaha” na nufin “hazaka” ne, wajen tunani ko iya tsara abu da hannu. Amma a Larabce, kamar yadda ya nuna cikin baka biyu, abinda kalmar ke nufi shine “iya tsara zance”, ko “hikima wajen iya magana, ta yadda kowa zai iya fahimta, komai karancin ilminsa.” Wannan kuwa shine abinda ake kira Eloquence a harshen Turanci. Kuma shine ma’anar da dukkan Kamus din Larabci ke bayarwa.

Daga bayanan da suka gabata, a tabbace yake cewa yin amfani da “Kimiyya da Kere-kere” shine abinda yafi dacewa da shafinmu, fiye da kalmar “Kimiyya da Fasaha”. Duk da yake na san masu karatu sun fi sabawa da kalmar “Kimiyya da Fasaha”, saboda saukin fada. Amma a yi hakuri. Daga yanzu taken wannan shafi shine “Kimiyya da Kere-kere”. Mun yi hakan ne don tabbatar da abinda shafin ke tabbatarwa. Na kuma tabbata nan ba da dadewa ba masu karatu zasu saba da wannan sauyi da aka samu.

Mudawwanan Shafin

Kwanakin baya na sanar da masu karatu cewa akwai Mudawwana (Blog) na musamman da na bude don taskance ko adana kasidun da suka shafi Kere-kere, da kuma Ilmin Sararin Samaniya, don amfanin dukkan masu sha’awan wadannan fannoni. Nayi hakan ne don baiwa masu sha’awa samun saukin isa ga kasidun a killace, ba tare da sai an ta jigilar nemansu a wancan Mudawwana ba. Don haka duk mai bukatar kasidun da suka shafi Sararin Samaniya, da fannin Kere-kere, to yaje Zauren Kimiyya da Kere-kere, wanda ke: http://kimiyyah.blogspot.com.

Masu neman bayanai kan abinda ya shafi Fasahar Intanet da Kimiyyar Sadarwa kuma, watau Information Technology, sai su je shafin Makarantar Kimiyya da Fasahar Sadarwa, wanda ke: http://fasahar-intanet.blogspot.com. Idan akwai karin bayani da ake nema, sai a tuntubemu ta hanyoyin da aka saba. Kuma zanyi kokarin ganin cewa na rika sanya adireshin Mudawwanar da ta danganci kasida ko makalar da aka buga a dukkan mako. Don fadakarwa ga masu neman kasidun a Intanet.

Shafin Kimiyya da Kere-kere na mika dubun gaisuwarsa ga dukkan masu karatu, da masu bugo waya don neman karin bayani ko godiya, musamman irinsu Malam Sani Abubakar ‘Yankatsare da ke Jas, da Aliyu Muktar Sa’idu (IT) da ke Kano, da Malam Munzali Jibril da ke Gumel, da Malam (Uncle) Bash da ke Jimeta, da Malam Abbass Ameen, da Malam Khaleel Nasir Kuriwa, Kiru, Kano, da sauran masu karatu da ke Legas da Patakwal da sauran wurare. Allah albarkace ku, ya kuma bar zumunci, amin.

Tsaga A Jikin Wata: Mu’ujiza ko Yawan Shekaru?

Mabudin Kunnuwa

Kamar sauran wurare da yanayin zamantakewa na dan Adam, yaduwar jita-jita wata al’ada ce ko dabi’a wacce ke  samuwa a duk inda wannan tsarin zamantakewa take. Tsakanin birni da birni, da kauye da wani kauyen, da kasa da wata kasar, da nahiya da wata nahiyar, duk baka rasa yaduwar jita-jita a tsakani. Haka abin yake a duniyar Intanet. Daga cikin dadaddun jita-jitar da ke yawo da yaduwa a duniyar Intanet akwai hoton Wata, mai dauke da tsaga a samansa, wanda ake ta yadawa da kuma sanar da cewa wannan tsaga ko shata ko shaci da ke saman Wata ya samo asali ne tun lokacin da kafiran Makka suka bukaci Manzon Allah (SAW) yasa Wata ya rabe gida biyu, muddin abinda yake ikirari na cewa shi Annabi ne, gaskiya ne. Wannan hoto mai dauke da Wata da alamar tsagar da ke jikinsa ya shahara sosai a Intanet. A kalla a iya cewa an samu shekaru kusan goma wannan hoto na yawo a Intanet. Sanadiyyar wannan shahara ne ma aka samu yaduwar kasidu da sharhi dabam-daban masu tabbatarwa ko kore ingancin wannan hoto. Har wa yau, wasu na ikirarin cewa an samo wannan hoto ne daga cikin taskar Hukumar Binciken Sararin Samaniya na kasar Amurka, watau NASA, cikin jerin hotunan da masu ziyarar duniyar Wata a kumbon Apollo 11 suka dauko a lokacin ziyararsu, shekaru sama da arba’in da suka gabata.

Kamar yadda mai karatu zai gani a hoton da na dauko mana daga Intanet, akwai tsaga a saman Wata tabbas, to amma meye alakarsa da wannan mu’jiza ta Manzon Allah a Makka? Ina alakar wannan hoto da hukumar NASA? Shin da gaske ne masu binciken Sararin Samaniya a Kumbon Apollo 11 ne suka dauko wannan hoto? In har da gaske sune suka dauko wannan hoto a ziyarar da suka kai, tambaya ta gaba ita ce: ganin cewa tsagewar da Wata yayi mu’jiza ce, ba tsagewa ce irin ta al’ada ba, shin ana iya samun alamar tsagar a jiki har yanzu? Shin meye tasirin mu’jiza a jikin duk wani abinda mu’jizar ta auku? Wa ya musulunta sanadiyyar wannan al’amari, kuma me ya kai shi ga hakan? Kuma meye bambanci tsakanin “Bayanin Tsarin Kimiyya”, da “Mu’jizar Kimiyya”, da kuma “Mu’jizar Annabawa”? Wadannan, da ma wasu tambayoyin da ke tafe ne nayi bincike na musamman don kosar damu kan abinda ya shafi wannan lamari na tsagewar Wata da hoton da ke ta yawo a Intanet - mai kokarin hada alaka a tsakaninsu. Amma kafin mu shiga bayani kan dukkan wadannan, ga takaitaccen bayani nan kan shi kanshi Watan, da tsarin rayuwarsa.

Halittar Wata: Daga Ina Haka?

Bayani kan daga ina Wata ya samo asali bai kamata ya dame mu ba, musamman ganin  cewa a jerin kasidun da muka gabatar a shekarar da ta gabata, masu taken: “Kimiyyar Kur’ani da ta Zamani: A Ina Aka Hadu?”, mun yi wannan bayani. Abinda ke da muhimmanci mu sani shine, shi Wata, ko Moon a turance, shine Tauraron Asali (Natural Satellite) da wannan duniya tamu ta mallaka, kuma yake gewaye ta, tare da halittar rana. Malaman Sararin Samaniya sun yi hasashe cewa a kalla halittar Wata tayi shekaru biliyan hudu ko sama da haka, tun samuwarta. Wata kan kare gewaye wannan duniya tamu ne cikin kwanaki ashirin da biyar da rabin rana (25.5days), amma idan aka hada da gibin kwanakin da yake kashewa a halin shawaginsa a falakin rana, sai yayi kwanaki ashirin da tara da rabin kwana (29.5days) yake gama gewaye daya.

Kamar yadda bayanai suka gabata a sama, wannan duniya tamu bata da wani Tauraro na Asali (Natural Satellite) da ya wuce Wata, kuma idan aka kwatanta shi da girman duniyar, kusan shine Tauraron Asali da yafi girma a dukkan Taurarin Asali da ke gewaye da sauran duniyoyin da ke makwabtaka damu. Shi Wata bashi da hasken da yake kyallarowa na kansa, sai dai ya lakato haske daga rana a yayin da take nata shawagin, idan ta juya mana baya kuma muka shiga dare ko duhu, sai ya hasko mana wannan haske, kamar dai yadda bayanai suka gabata a kasidun baya. Kamar wannan duniya tamu da sauran duniyoyi ko halittun da ke sama, Wata a cure yake, ko ince a mulmule. Bangaren da ke fuskanto mu a lokacin da yake shawagi, shi ake kira The Near Side, a turancin Kimiyyar Sararin Samaniya. Wannan bangare ne ke darsano hasken rana don haskaka duniyarmu, kuma an kiyasta cewa darajar zafin da ke wannan bangare ya wuce digiri dari da talatin da bakwai a ma’aunin zafi na santigireti (watau 137⁰C). Dayan bangaren da ke shiga duhu kuma daga baya, shi ake kira The Far Side. Amma kuma sabanin bangaren farko, wannan bangare bai da zafi sai sanyi mai tsanani. An kiyasta sanyin wannan bangare na Wata cewa ya kai dari da hamsin da shida a kasa da mizanin zafi (watau -156⁰C).

Binciken baya-bayan nan da aka yi ya tabbatar da cewa halittar Wata na dauke ne da duwatsu nau’uka dabam-daban, da sinadaran kimiyya masu inganci irin wadanda bamu dasu a wannan duniya tamu. Kari a kan haka, jikin Wata, inji masu wannan bincike, kamar gilashi yake wajen mu’amala da haske; duk ta inda ka cillo haske, zai dauka, ya kuma cilla hasken zuwa inda yake fuskanta. Kamar dai yadda gilashi ke yi idan ka cilla masa haske. Wannan tasa idan rana ta cillo haskenta, sai Wata ya dauka, ya kuma cillo hasken zuwa wannan duniya tamu, kasancewar shine tauraron mu. Allah Buwayi gagara misali! Ba nan aka tsaya ba, babu iska balle guguwa a duniyar Wata. Wannan tasa duk inda ka taka a saman Wata, gurabun sawunka zasu ci gaba da kasancewa a wurin, tsawon zamani. Har zuwa yau akwai gurabun takun wadanda suka ziyarci duniyar Wata tun shekarar 1969 a Kumbon Apollo 11. A karshe, akwai buraguzan taurarin da rayuwarsu ta kare (watau Meteorite) masu shawagi a saman Sararin Samaniya, wadanda kuma ke shigowa wannan duniya tamu lokaci-lokaci. Ire-iren wadannan buraguzai ne ke afkawa cikin Wata a lokuta dabam-daban, iya gwargwadon girmansu. Don haka Malaman Kimiyyar Sararin Samaniya suka ce galibin ramuka da tsagan da ke jikin Wata sun samo asali ne sanadiyyar illolin da wadannan buraguzai masu shawagi a can sama ke yi a saman Wata. Wannan shine dan abinda zai samu na bayanai kan yanayin da Wata ke rayuwa a ciki.

Daga Ina Wannan Hoto Ya Fito?

Bayan takaitaccen bayanin da muka samu kan Wata, ya kamata mu dawo kan wannan hoto da ke ta yawo a Intanet, da kuma alakarsa da mu’jizar tsagewar Wata a lokacin Manzon Allah a Makka. Daga ina wannan hoto ya fito? A iya bincike na, ban samu wata alama da ke nuna cewa wannan hoto ya samo asali ne daga Hukumar NASA ba. Na shiga gidan yanar sadarwar hukumar na tsawon lokaci, amma ban samu wani bayani makamancin hakan ba. Labarin da na samo a wasu gidajen yanar sadarwa, mai kokarin hada alaka a tsakanin hukumar NASA ko masu binciken da suka yi wannan tafiya, da wannan hoto, shine wanda wani bawan Allah dan kasar Ingila mai suna Dawood Mousa Biskok, shugaban Jam’iyyar Musulunci ta Burtaniya, (watau British Islamic Party), ya bayar lokacin da wani babban malami masanin Kimiyyar Sararin Samaniya dan kasar Masar ya kai ziyara Ingila.

Wannnan bawan Allah yace ya dade yana ta bincike kan addinan duniya, da neman wanda zai bi. Yana cikin hakan ne wata rana wani musulmi ya bashi kyautar Kur’ani mai tarjamar turanci, don ya karanta. Budewarsa ke da wuya, sai yayi arba da shafin da ke dauke da ayoyin da ke tabbatar da tsagewar Wata (a farkon suratul Kamar). Yace bayan ya karanta wannan shafi, sai yace: “kai, duk wannan tatsuniyoyi ne”. Yace “sai na jefar da littafin kawai, na kama sabga na.” “Wata rana ina zaune ina kallon wani shiri mai nasaba da fannin kimiyyar Sararin Samaniya a talabijin BBC, cikin shekarar 1978, inda mai gabatar da shirin ya gabatar da wasu masana kan wannan fanni daga kasar Amurka, sai lamarin ya sake dawowa. A cikin hirar da yake yi dasu ne har bayani ya fado kan ziyarar da hukumar NASA na kasar Amurka ta shirya don kai ziyara a shekarar 1969.” Wannan bawan Allah yaci gaba da cewa: “sai mai gabatar da shirin ke tambayarsu cewa, ‘shin ba almubazzaranci bane a ce hukumar Amurka ta kashe dala biliyan dari don wannan bincike, a yayin da akwai miliyoyin mutane masu kwana da yunwa da cututtuka a duniya?’” Yace sai daya daga cikin wadannan masana yace masa ba al’mubazzaranci bane. Idan an ga yawan kudin, a cewarsa, to ya kamata a san cewa a daya bangaren kuma, hukumar taci nasarar gabatar da binciken da ya gasgata hasashen da aka dade ana yi. Wannan sakamakon bincike kuwa, inji su, shine, sanadiyyar wannan tafiya ko ziyara da aka kai zuwa duniyar Wata, an gano cewa lallai a wasu lokuta ko shekaru masu yawa da suka wuce, Wata ya taba rabewa gida biyu, sannan ya sake hadewa. Suka ce an gano hakan ne kuwa ta hanyar alamar tsaga da ke jikin Watan.

“Ina jin haka”, a cewar Dawood Mousa Biskok, “sai kawai nayi maza na dauko Kur’anin da aka taba bani kyauta, na budo shafin da na taba karantawa. Nan take, sai naga tabbacin abinda wadannan mutane suka binciko. Ga shi Allah ya tilasta Amurka ta kashe biliyoyin daloli don gabatar da binciken da ke tabbatar da gaskiyar littafin Musulmai. Wannan yasa na musulunta.” Har zuwa lokacin da nake wannan rubutu, Dawood Mousa Biskok na raye, kuma har yanzu shine jagorar Jam’iyyar Musulunci da ke kasar Burtaniya. Wannan labari, kamar yadda mai karatu ya gani, bai rasa alaka da samuwar wannan hoto a Intanet tsawon shekarun da suka gabata. Amma kamar yadda na sanar, ban samu bayanai na hakika masu nuna alakar da ke tsakanin hoton da hukumar NASA ba. Amma na dada fadada bincike kan halittar Wata baki dayanta, ban samu bayanin da ke nuna cewa wannan alamar tsaga (da ma wasu masu yawa da suka fi wanda ke jikin hoton nan), alama ce da ke nuna cewa Wata ya taba tsagewa sannan ya koma yadda yake ba. To amma tunda hukumar NASA bata taba fitowa fili ta karyata wannan labari ko hoto da ake ta yadawa ba, sannan kuma ga wannan labari na shugaban Jam’iyyar Musulunci da ke Burtaniya ya shahara sosai, shi ma ban samu bayanai da ke nuna ta karyata ba, shi yasa wasu ke ganin akwai alaka mai karfi a tsakanin hoton da abinda ake riyawa. Amma kafin mu yanke hukunci, zai dace mu duba wasu ka’idoji ko al’amura guda uku masu nasaba da fannin kimiyya da mu’jiza.

Alakar Kimiyya da Mu’jizar Annabawa

Wannan shi ya kawo mu ga duba alakar da ke tsakanin fannin kimiyya, watau Science a bangare daya, da kuma Mu’jizar Annabawa watau Prophetic Miracle, a daya bangaren. Wannan sharhi ne zai iya taimaka mana wajen sanin tasirin abubuwan da ke faruwa a duniya ko a duniyar Wata, wadanda suka danganci tsarin kimiyya tsantsa, da kuma abubuwan da ke faruwa na mu’jiza da Annabawan Allah ke yi, wanda ya sha karfin fahimta da binciken duk wani mai bincike. Hakan har wa yau zai iya taimaka mana wajen fahimtar tsaga da ke jikin Wata a halin yanzu: shin, tsaga ne na yawan shekaru, saboda tasirin muhallin da yake ciki, ko kuwa alamar tsagewar da ya taba yi ne sanadiyyar Mu’jizar Manzon Allah (SAW), lokacin da ya bashi umarni har ya rabe gida biyu a gaban kafiran Makka, suna gani? Mu je kasar Siriya.

Dakta Muhammad Ratib Nablusi, daya cikin malaman kasar Siriya, ya kawo bambancin da ke tsakanin Kalmar “Sharhi ko Bayanin Tsarin Kimiyya” (Scientific Explanation), da “Mu’jizar Kimiyya” (Scientific Miracle), da kuma Kalmar “Mu’jizar Annabawa” (Prophetic Miracle). Daktan yayi wannan sharhi ne cikin laccar da ya gabatar kan wannan lamari a shekarun baya. A cewar Malamin, “Sharhin Tsarin Kimiyya” shine yin bayanin wani abu da ya auku a kimiyyance, a tsari ko al’adar rayuwa. Ire-iren wadannan sun hada da ruwan sama, da yadda yake samuwa, da tsarin rayuwar taurari, da zazzabin Wata ko Rana (Moon/Solar Exclipse) da dai sauran makamantansu. A samu masanin kimiyya yayi sharhi kan yadda wadannan abubuwa ke yiwuwa ko faruwa, shi ake kira “Sharhin tsarin Kimiyya.” Dakta Ratib ya kawo wasu misalai da kowa zai iya fahimta cikin sauki. Da farko yace lokacin da Ibrahim, dan Manzon Allah (SAW) ya rasu a Madina, daidai lokacin ne aka samu yanayin kisfewar rana ko husufin rana a takaice. Sai mutane suka kama surutu suna cewa rana tayi husufi ne sanadiyyar rasuwar wannan jariri. Nan take sai Manzon Allah (SAW) ya mike ya fahimtar dasu abinda ya faru. Cewa da Rana da Wata duk ayoyin Allah ne; basu yin husufi don rayuwa ko mutuwar wani. Abinda Manzon Allah (SAW) yayi a nan shine “bayani ko sharhin tsarin kimiyya”. Ma’ana, wani abu ne da ke faruwa lokaci-lokaci, sanadiyyar tsari da yanayin da Allah ya dora duniya a kai. Ba wai karama bace ko mu’jiza ta musamman.

Misali na biyu shine wani abinda ya faru dashi Daktan, lokacin da yaje yin umara a Makka. Yana isa Makka, sai yaji wasu mutane suna cewa idan yamma tayi, magriba ta gabato, wani haske na hudowa daga saman kabarin Manzon Allah (SAW) a Madina, zuwa sama. Wannan haske, a cewar masu bayar da wannan labari, mu’jizar manzon Allah ce mai tabbatar da darajarsa har yanzu. Bayan ya gama umara, sai ya wuce Madina don yin ziyara. Yana shiga masallacin, daidai lokacin sallar magriba, sai ya tarar wani malami na gabatar da karatun fikihu a masallacin, kamar yadda aka saba. Yace bayan malamin ya gama karatu, sai yayi sanarwa cewa, sun yi hira da Sarkin Madina, inda Sarkin ya sanar dashi cewa hukumar Saudiyya ta sanya wata fitila mai haske, mai kuma dauke da sinadaran haske nau’in Laser, wadda ke cillawa cikin Sararin Samaniya, don ya zama alama ga direbobin jirgin sama a lokacin da suke halin tafiyarsu a sama. Da zarar sun zo wajen wannan haske, zasu kauce, don kada su wuce ta saman kabarin Manzon Allah (SAW). Wannan, a cewar Dakta Ratib, sharhin kimiyya ne yaji a bakin wannan malami. Ma’ana ba mu’jiza bace, sabanin labarin da yaji a Makka.

Kalma ta biyu, watau “Mu’jizar Kimiyya” (Scientific Miracle), shine faruwar wani abu a kimiyyance, wanda ba a iya gane tasirin abin ko hikimar da ke tattare cikinsa sai bayan bincike ko lokaci mai tsawo. Ma’ana, ba wani abu bane da kowa zai iya ganewa ba nan take, sai wadanda suka shahara a fannin kimiyya, kuma sai bayan lokaci da bincike mai tsawo. Misali, a cikin hadisan Manzon Allah (SAW) an nuna cewa idan kuda ya fada cikin abinci ko abin sha, to a dulmuya shi cikin abin da ya fada ciki baki daya, sannan a ciro shi a yar. Domin a dayan fiffikensa akwai cuta, wacce da ita yake fadawa cikin duk abinda zai fada. A daya fiffiken kuma, wacce yake dage ta sama, akwai maganin wannan cutar. Kenan idan aka dulmuya shi baki daya, anyi maganin cutar kenan. Hadisi irin wannan, da sauran makamantansa, ba kowa ke iya hararo gaskiyar abinda aka fada ba, sai wanda ya gabatar da bincike na musamman kan hakan, bayan lokaci mai tsawo. Amma a lokacin da aka fade su, sai dai ayi imani dasu kawai. Wannan mu’jiza ce ta kimiyya wacce ta sha karfin tunanin dan Adam sai bayan lokaci mai tsawo yake gano tabbacin hakan.

Misali na biyu kuma shine, akwai lokacin da wasu mahaya kumbo suka haura can saman Sararin Samaniya, ma’ana suka ketare dukkan iskar da ke saman wannan duniya mai tazarar kilomita sittin da hudu (64km). Suna gama wuce wannan tazara, sai suka shiga yanayin da basu ganin komai sai duhu. Nan take daya daga cikinsu yace: “mun makance; bamu gani”. A daidai wannan lokaci da yake sanar da masu lura da tafiyarsu a tashar da suka baro a duniya, sai aka yi dace akwai wani Balaraben kasar Masar masanin Kur’ani kuma masanin Kimiyyar Sararin Samaniya a wajen. Yana jin haka, sai yace musu “wannan Mu’jizar Kimiyya ce”. Da aka tambaye shi me yake nufi da hakan, sai yace ai Allah Ya fadi hakan cikin Kur’ani, inda yake cewa: “…kuma da mun bude wata kofa daga sama a kansu har suka wuni a ciki suna takawa (zuwa sama). Lallai ne da sun ce, “ai ba abinda aka yi sai rufe mana idanu kawai. A a, mu mutane ne da aka sihirce.” (Suratul Hijri: 14-15). Me ya faru? Wannan bawan Allah dan kasar Masar ya tuna cewa, da zarar ka wuce sararin wannan samaniya tamu bayan tafiyar tazarar kilomita sittin da hudu, to ba abinda zaka samu sai duhu mai tsanani. Wannan tasa wancan bawan Allah da ke cikin kumbo yace “mun makance”, saboda sun daina ganin haske. Daman iskar da ke sararin wannan duniya ce ke rarraba hasken da ke zuwa daga jikin rana. Wannan tsari, wanda ake kira Scattering of Light a Kimiyyar Sararin Samaniya, yana samuwa ne a tazarar tafiyar da bata wuce kilomita sittin da hudu ba daga doron kasa. Da zarar ka wuce wannan tazara, ba abinda ya saura sai duhu. Wannan misali na biyu na nuna mana ne karara, cewa Allah ya tabbatar a Kur’ani cewa da za a bude wa kafirai wata kofa zuwa sama suna ta tafiya a cikinta, zasu kai wani tazara da zasu daina ganin haske. Wannan zai sa su ce, “lallai sihiri aka mana”. To amma a lokacin tunda ba a yi haka ba, babu wanda zai iya tabbatar da gaskiyar hakan. Sai bayan shekaru sama da dubu daya aka samu bincike da ya tabbatar da hakan. Wannan, a cewar Dakta Ratib, “Mu’jiza ce ta Kimiyya”.

Sai kalma ta uku, watau “Mu’jizar Annabawa”. Kalmar mu’jiza asali kalmar larabci ce, wacce Hausawa suka aro don nufin abin da take nufi a larabce, ma’ana: “wani abin da ya sha karfin tunani da hankalin dan Adam; ya gagare shi wajen karfi ko tunani”. Mu’jiza sifa ce ta Annabawa, su kadai Allah ke ba wannan baiwa don gamsar da mutanensu cewa daga Allah suke, ba su suka aiko kansu ba. Misalin mu’jiza na nan barkatai. Akwai sandar Annabi Musa (AS), wacce ke zama macijiya, akwai taguwar Annabi Salihu (AS), da dai sauransu. Mu’jizar Manzon Allah (SAW) mafi girma ita ce littafin da Allah Ya aiko shi da shi, watau Al-Kur’ani mai girma. Sannan akwai Isra’i da Mi’raji da Allah yayi dashi zuwa saman sama na bakwai. Dukkan wadannan mu’jizozi ne wadanda suka sha karfin wani dan Adam ya iya bayanin yadda suka auku. Misali, babu wani Malamin Kimiyyar Sararin Samaniya da ya isa yayi bayanin tsarin tafiyar da Manzon Allah yayi daga Masallacin Baitul Makdisi zuwa sama, a kimiyyance. Wannan, a turance, shi ake kira Prophetic Miracle. A wannan tsari, duk abinda ya faru na mu’jiza a kimiyyance (kamar tafiyar da Manzon Allah yayi zuwa sama), abu ne da ba wanda zai iya fahimtar yadda abin ya faru, kuma ba lale bane a ga wani gurbi bayan faruwar mu’jizar. Misali, akwai lokacin da Manzon Allah (SAW) ya sunkuyar da yatsan hannunsa kasa, ruwa yayi ta zuba sahabbai suna sha, wusa na alwala da ruwan. Hakan ya faru ne lokacin da aka je daya daga cikin yake-yaken da aka yi, inda aka yi karancin ruwa. Bayan kowa ya gama amfana da ruwan, sai Manzon Allah (SAW) ya yarfar da yatsansa, ruwan ya dauke. Wannan abu da ya faru bai sa an ga wata alama ko huji a yatsansa ba, saboda “mu’jiza ce ta annabta”, ba wani abu bane da ya saba faruwa ga mutane a al’adance.

Tantancewa Tsakanin Hujjoji

Daga bayanan da suka gabata, a bayyane yake cewa tsagewar Wata mu’jiza ce ta Annabta, ba wai mu’jiza ta Kimiyya ba. Domin babu wanda zai iya gano yadda tsagewar ta kasance, balle ya san kimar abin. To amma kuma meye alakar hakan, da wannan hoto da ake ta yadawa? A iya karatu da bincike na, idan ka dauke wancan labari na Dawood Mousa Biskok, inda wadancan masana Kimiyya suka tabbatar da cewa an gano alamar tsagewar Wata a wasu lokuta ko shekaru masu yawa da suka wuce a rayuwarsa, babu wani bayani na kimiyya tabbatacce da ke nuna gaskiyar abinda wannan hoto ke dauke dashi, duk kuwa da shahararsa. Sabanin haka ma, abinda galibin bayanai ke tabbatarwa a kimiyyance shine, galibin tsage-tsagen da ke jikin Wata a halin yanzu, sun samo asali ne daga yawan buraguzan taurari masu tarwatsewa suna afkawa cikin wasu duniyoyin da ke makwabtaka dasu. Ire-iren wadannan buraguzai su ake kira Meteriote a turance. Don haka tsagar da ke jikin Wata, ko kadan, bata da alaka da wannan lamari na mu’jiza.

Bayan haka, malaman kimiyya sun kimanta zurfin tsagar da ke jikin Wata a halin yanzu da cewa ta kai tafiyar nisar kilomita dubu goma sha uku. Amma idan muka dubi hoton da ke like a nan, zamu ga cewa alamar da ke jikin Watan, ko kadan bai shiga ciki ba. Kamar ma zane ne kawai, ba tsaga ba. Har wa yau, wannan hoto, idan muka dube dashi da kyau, karshenta ma wani ne ya zauna ya zana shi da manhajar zane na kwamfuta, watau Graphics Software, bayan wancan labari da masana suka bayar. Ba lale bane ya zama hoto ne na gaskiya da aka dauko daga can ba.

A karshe kuma idan aka ce abu kaza mu’jiza ce, to akwai siffofi guda uku da suka kamata a gane hakan. Na farko shine ya zama ya sha karfi da tunanin mutane, babu wanda zai iya yin shi duk cikin mutane sai Annabi ko wani Manzo da Allah ya aiko. Idan muka dubi tsagewar Wata, zamu ga haka ne. Na biyu kuma ya zama babu wani zamani da za a kaiwa, ko mataki na ilimi, da wani zai ce ya gano wani abu daban cikin abinda ya faru, sabanin abinda ya faru din. Abu na karshe kuma, wanda ke da nasaba da wannan hoto shine, ba ka’ida bace cewa idan mu’jiza ta auku kan wani abu, dole sai an samu alama bayan aukuwarta. Kamar yadda ba a samu Wata alama ba a yatsar Manzon Allah (SAW) bayan bubbugar ruwan da ya faru, kamar yadda bayani ya gabata a kai. Don haka ba dalili bane cewa don an ce an samu alama a jikin Wata, wani yace “dole ne ya zama alamar tsagewar da yayi ne lokacin Manzon Allah (SAW)”. Ba hujja bace wannan.

Kammalawa

A karshe dai, ma iya cewa wannan hoto bai da alaka da rahoton binciken da wannan hukuma ta NASA tayi, shekaru sama da arba’in da suka gabata. Ta yiwu wani ne ya zauna ya zana hoton, don suranta abinda wadancan masana suka tabbatar a hirar da talabijin BBC yayi dasu a shekarar 1978. Sannan ba hujja bace cewa lallai alamar da ke jikin Wata ta samu ne sanadiyyar tsagewar da yayi lokacin Manzon Allah (SAW). Domin ba ka’ida bace cewa idan mu’jiza ta auku dole sai an samu alama a gurbinta. Tabbas Allah na iya tabbatar da wannan alama a jikin Wata, amma ba dole bane sai an samu alamar sannan abinda ya faru zai zama gaskiya. Wannan mu’jiza da ta auku: ko da alama ko babu wata alama a jikin Watan, mu munyi imani da aukuwarta.

Kimiyyar Kur’ani da ta Zamani: A Ina Aka Hadu?

Tambaya: “Abban Sadik, an ce masana Kimiyya na zamani sun tabbatar da wasu daga cikin Kimiyyar Al-Kur’ani mai girma. Wadanne ne daga ciki?” - Khaleel Nasir Kuriya, Kiru, Kano (GZG274): 07069191677

Gabatarwa:

Malam Khaleel Nasir muna godiya kwarai da wannan tambaya mai matukar muhimmanci, kuma Allah saka da alheri. Amsa wannan tambaya gaba dayanta na bukatar bincike na tsawon zamani mai dauke da hujjoji daga Kur’ani da kuma manyan littafan zamani. Domin harka ce da ta kumshi ilimi. Amma zamu yi iya kokarinmu, daga wannan mako zuwa makonni masu zuwa, don ganin mun tabo kadan cikin ire-iren nau’ukan binciken da masana kimiyyar zamani suka yi kuma suka tabbatar, wadanda suka dace da abinda Allah ya fada, shekaru dubu daya da dari hudu da talatin da suka wuce. Wasun su sun tabbatar da abinda Kur’ani ya fada kai tsaye, tare da sallamawa. Wasun su kuma sun kauce cikin lafazinsu. Abinda suka nuna kawai shine, wannan bincike da suka yi da kuma dacewarsa da abinda ke cikin Kur’ani abu ne mai dauke da mamaki, kuma bai kamata a ce mutum ne ya fadi maganar ba. Sai dai kafin mu fara kawo ire-iren wadannan bincike da ra’ayoyi, zai dace mai karatu ya fahimci wasu abubuwa masu muhimmanci kan tsarin Al-Kur’ani wajen tabbatar da gaskiyar abu, da kuma tsarin malaman Kimiyya wajen tabbatar da nasu binciken.

Tsarin Kur’ani Wajen Tabbatar da Ilimi

Ga duk wanda ya saba karanta Kur’ani mai girma, ya kuma fahimci sakon da yake kokarin isarwa ga mai karatunsa, zai ga cewa littafi ne mai neman shiryar da mai karatu ta hanyoyi masu sauki, wadanda mai karatun zai iya bi don ya shiryu. Littafi ne mai dauke da dimbin ilimi wanda Allah kadai ya san yawansu. Littafi ne mai dauke da usulubi mai dadi wajen karatu da karantarwa. Manyan hanyoyin da Kur’ani ke amfani dasu wajen tabbatar da dalilan Kimiyya sun kunshi hanyar gani, ko kallo, da nazari ko tunani, da kuma tabawa. Sauran hanyoyin sun hada da hakawa, ko tonawa (don ganin yadda abu yake), da haurawa, da gangarawa, musamman kan abinda ya shafi sararin samaniya da sauran duniyoyin da ke makwabtaka da tamu. Ga duk wanda ya bi wadannan hanyoyi, zai iya fahimtar sirrin da ke cikin halittan sama da kasa da taurari da wata da rana da karkashin kasa da hazo da ruwan sama da iska da sanyi da zafi da tsarin halittan dabbobi da na dan Adam, da dai sauran abubuwan da Allah Ya watsa a wannan duniya tamu.

Duk wani abinda malamin kimiyya zai karanta ko yi nazari a kai, Kur’ani ya tabo bayani a kanshi, ya kuma kalubalance shi da ya duba ya gani, ko yayi tunani a kai, ko kuma ya hango ya gani, da dai sauran hanyoyin kalubale. In ya ga dama kada ya fara yin imani sai ya tabbatar da gaskiyar abinda aka sanar dashi. Amma kuma da zarar ya fahimci gaskiya, to fa hujja ta tabbata a gareshi ko a kanshi. Wannan ya sha banban da tuhumar da sauran masu akidu ke yi wa Musulmai, cewa: muslims are too dogmatic. Ma’ana, musulmi mutane ne masu yawan yarda da abu kawai ba tare da sun san hakikaninsa ba. Wannan kalma suna fadinta ne a babin zargi ba yabo ba, ga dukkan musulmi. Suna ganin musulunci bai baiwa mutane damar kalubalantar abinda ya fada a Kur’ani ba. Masu wannan kalami sun jahilci addinin gaba daya. Da sun karanta Kur’ani sosai, da basu fadi haka ba. Ga misali nan guda daya, inda Allah ke cewa:

“Lalla ne, a cikin halittan sammai da kasa, da sabawar dare da yini da jirage wadanda suke gudana a cikin teku (dauke) da amfanin mutane, da abinda Allah Ya saukar daga sama na ruwa, sai ya rayar da kasa da shi bayan mutuwarta, kuma ya watsa cikinta daga dukkan dabbobi, da kuma juyawar iskoki da girgije horarre a tsakanin sama da kasa; hakika akwai ayoyi ga mutane masu hankalta.” (Bakara: 164)

Wannan aya, kamar yadda malaman tafsirin Kur’ani suka tabbatar, ta kumshi dukkan nau’ukan ilimin kimiyya da dan Adam ke alfahari dashi a yau. Daga ilimin Fiziya (Physics), zuwa ilimin sinadaran da ke tsakanin sama da kasa (Chemistry), zuwa ilimin kasa (Geography), da ilimin halittu (Biology), da na tsirrai (Botany), da na teku (Oceaonology), da ilimin tsarin sadarwa (Communication), da na sararin samaniya (Astronomy), da tattalin arzikin kasa, da sauran nau’ukan ilimin da sai mai bincike ya bincika zai gano su. Abin sha’awa shine, da Allah Ya gama sanar da mai karatun wannan aya tsarin halittan da yayi a ciki, sai yace “…hakika akwai ayoyi ga mutane masu hankalta.” Wannan kuwa ke nuna cewa in har ka hankalta, to za ka ga abinda Allah ke ikirarin ya sanya ko halitta. A takaice dai wannan na nufin duk abinda Allah ya fada abubuwa ne da ake iya ganinsu da ido, ko iya hankaltar tsarinsu da irin abinda ke cikinsu na mamaki da al’ajabi.

Duk da dimbin ilmin da ke cikin wannan littafi mai girma, mai karatu zai yi mamakin jin cewa Al-Kur’ani ba littafin kimiyya bane, balle na ilimin kasa. Ba littafin koyar da sadarwa bane kadai..a a, littafin shiriya ne. Duk abinda ka gani a ciki wanda ya shafi wani ilimi, riban kafa ne kawai. Amma asali Allah Ya kawo shi ne don dan Adam ya fita daga kangin bauta wa wani halitta makamancinsa, zuwa ga bauta wa wanda ya halicce shi kadai, shine Allah. Wannan tasa tsarin littafin yake a sura-sura, ba wai babi-babi mai Magana a kan wani nau’in ilimi ba. Sabanin sauran littafan kimiyya, inda marubucinsu ke shirya littafin zuwa babi-babi kan abinda yake son karantarwa. Don haka Kur’ani littafin addini ne da shiriya. Duk abinda ka samu a cikin wanda ke karantar da kai wani ilimi na neman abin duniya ko amfanin rayuwa, to riba ne da Allah ya sanya a ciki. Idan ka kara imani da abinda ke ciki, sai ka fi amfana da ribar fiye da kowa. Wannan tasa sauran masu binciken Kimiyya masu lekawa cikin Kur’ani suna dauko abinda ya dace da iliminsu suna sauya masa tsari don neman suna a duniya, ribarsu kadan ne in ka kwatanta da na wanda yayi imani da littafin. Wannan, a takaice, shine tsarin da Kur’ani ke bi wajen kiran mai bincike yayi bincike cikin abinda aka fada cikin littafin, don gano gaskiyar abinda aka sanar dashi a ciki.

A nasu bangaren, malaman kimiyyar zamani na bin hanyar bincike ne na kwakwaf, don tabbatar da abinda ake ikirari a kai. Hanyoyin bincikensu na nan da yawa, kamar yadda muka sani. Suna amfani da na’ura a dakin bincike, da na’urar hangen nesa, da wanda suke kafawa a wajen da suke binciken. Har wa yau suna amfani da tsarin dauko abinda suke son bincike don yin nazari a kansa, kai tsaye. Bayan haka, suna da ka’idoji da suke amfani da su (watau Scientific Methodology) wajen tantance abinda suka samu na sakamako a yayin da suke binciken. Sannan su basu yarda da duk abinda ba a ji ko gani ko iya taba shi ba. Duk abinda ake iya hankalta ko ji ko taba shi kadai suke la’akari da shi. Sannan a galibin lokuta sukan samu sakamako na wucin-gadi, wanda suke amfani dashi don ci gaba da wani binciken. Bayan haka, saboda kasancewarsu ‘yan Adam ne masu tawaya, ba dukkan lokuta ko bincike suke gano abinda yake daidai ko gaskiyar abinda suke nema ba. Wannan tasa kafin su binciken sai sun tsara wasu nau’ukan hasashe (watau Hypothesis) da zasu musu jagora wajen samun irin sakamakon da suke bukata. Wannan, a takaice, shine tsarin da malaman kimiyya ke bi wajen gudanar da bincikensu a kimiyance. Addini da al’ada basu tasiri wajen bincikensu ko kadan. “Zahiri”, shine abinda suka sani. Allah mana jagora!

HALITTAR DUNIYA

Binciken Kimiyyar Zamani

Abu na farko da Malaman kimiyyar sararin samaniya (Astronomers ko Astrophysicists) suka binciko dangane da asalin duniya baki dayanta, ba wacce muke rayuwa cikinta ba kadai, shine asali a cure take wuri daya, komai a dunkule. Ma’ana asalin duniya wani curi ne na jiki mulmulalle, ko kuma Sadima, (kamar yadda Farfesa Muhammad Hambali Jinju ya kira shi) watau Primary Nebula kenan a Turance. Sai wannan curi ya fashe, ya kuma tarwatse, watau Secondary Separation. Hakan ya haifar da samuwar kura mai tattare da iska mai dimbin yawa, watau Gaseous Mass. Wannan tarwatsewar ce ta haifar da samuwar dukkan halittun da ke duniyar, daga wannan duniyar da muke ciki, zuwa wata, da rana da taurari da sauran duniyoyin da muka sansu a yanzu, da ma wadanda Allah kadai ya sansu. Wannan nau’in fahimta shi ake kira The Big Bang Theory, a Ilimin Sararin Samaniya. An fara wannan bincike ne shekaru kusan dari hudu da suka gabata, kuma ya zuwa yau, an dada tabbatar da kasancewar hakan a ilimin sararin samaniya ta hanyar amfani da na’urorin hangen nesa da sauran hanyoyi. Malaman kimiyyar sararin samaniya suka ce wadannan matakai guda biyu da suka samar da duniya da sauran halittun da ke cikinta, sun faru ne cikin biliyoyin shekaru!

Duk da cewa Malamai masu bincike sun dade da yin hasashe kan asalin wannan duniya tamu tun shekaru dari bakwai da suka gabata, amma babu wanda ya samu dacewa wajen hararo mafi kusancin abinda ke nuna hakan, ya kuma samar da ka’idar Big Bang, sai Immanuel Kant, dan kasar Jamus, wanda ya rayu tsakanin shekarun 1724–1804. A lokacin babu wanda ya kawo hankalinsa ga wannan hasashe nashi, sai bayan rasuwarsa da shekaru hamsin da hudu, lokacin da wani masani mai suna Pierre-Simon, inda ya kara fito da abin fili kowa ya fahimce shi sosai. Wannan abu ya faru ne cikin karni na shabakwai (17^th Century), watau shekaru dubu daya da dari biyu kenan bayan saukar Al-Kur’ani mai girma. Idan kuma muka yi la’akari da wannan ka’ida, zamu ga cewa tana ishara ne zuwa ga abubuwa uku, a takaice. Abu na farko shine samuwar wani curin jiki, watau Big Bang, kamar yadda bayani ya gabata. Sai kuma fashewa da wannan curi yayi, aka samu kura mai dauke da iska mai nauyi, watau Gaseous Mass. Bayan nan kuma, sai aka samu gungun taurari wadanda suka tattarwatse don samar da taurari da rana da wata da kuma sauran duniyoyin da ke nan a yau (wadanda muka sani da wadanda bamu sansu ba).

A cikin littafinsa mai suna The Story of the Solar System, Mark A. Garlick, yayi dogon bayani da sharhi kan tsawon wannan lokaci, da kuma cewa ba wai wadannan duniyoyi da ake ta bayani kan su guda tara kadai ba, akwai bayanai sabbi da ke nuna cewa akwai wasu duniyoyin ma samammu, wadanda har yanzu hangen mai hangen nesa bai kai kansu ko ba. A karshe dai, kamar sauran Malaman Kimiyyar sararin samaniya, Mark yace wannan tsari na halittar duniya ya faru ne “siddan”, watau “haka kawai”, ba tare da cewa akwai wani wanda ya haddasa hakan ba. A takaice dai, “tsawon zamani ne ya samar da su, kuma hakan ne zai yi ajalinsu.” Wannan tunani nasa ya samu ne sanadiyyar akidarsa ta rashin yarda da cewa Allah ne mai halittar komai da kowa. Don haka kada mai karatu wani mamaki.

A nata bangaren ita ma, mujallar Scientific American bugu na 14 lamba ta 4, wacce ta fito a shekarar 2004, tayi tsokaci na musamman kan taurari. Wannan tsokaci da tayi shi, ta sanya masa take: The Secret Lives of Stars. A ciki ta kawo kasidu da makaloli masu dimbin alfanu, masu nuna tsarin shekarun taurari, da yanayin girmansu, da kuma cewa bayan wannan babbar fashewa da curarriyar halittar duniya tayi a farko, sai da aka samu shekaru sama da miliyan dari kafin taurari suka fara bayyana don samar da haske. Mujallar ta kuma tabbatar da cewa akwai bambancin girma da kuma tsawon zamani tsakanin taurarin farko da wadanda ke rayuwa yanzu. Taurarin farko, a cewar mujallar, suna da girma sosai, inda ta tabbatar da cewa wasunsu ma sun fi rana girma a farkon al’amari, kuma a nesa suke damu; nesa ba kusa ba. Wadannan bayanai dai sun same su ne ta hanyar ingantattun na’urorin hangen nesa na zamani, da kuma kwararan ka’idojin lissafi masu bayar da sakamako ingantacce kan tsarin abubuwa, wadanda ake iya shirya su ta hanyar kwamfuta a yau, watau Computer Simulation Models. To me Kur’ani yace kan haka?

Tabbaci daga Kur’ani

Da farko dai, sabanin yadda masu wadancan bincike suka tabbatar cewa babu wanda ya kaddara samuwar wadannan halittu na sama da kasa da taurari da rana da wata sai tsawon zamani, a Al-Kur’ani Allah ya sanar damu cewa shine ya yi wannan aiki. Ya kuma ce ya halicci sammai da kasa ne cikin kwanaki shida. Ga abinda yace:

“Kuma lallai ne hakika, mun halitta sammai da kasa da abinda ke a tsakaninsu ne, a cikin kwanaki shida, alhali wata ‘yar wahala bata shafe mu ba.” (Qaaf: 38)

Duk da haka, akwai kamshin gaskiya cikin wancan bincike da malaman sararin samaniya suka yi ko suka hango dangane da cewa asalin duniya gaba daya a dunkule take curi guda. Sai dai sabanin takaitaccen bayanin da suka bamu cikin dan binciken da suka yi, akwai rashin yalwar bayani kan yadda al’amuran suka faru. Watakila da Musulmai ne su, da sun samu isasshen bayani mai gamsarwa a cikin Kur’ani a yayin da suke wancan bincike. Duk da yake na san ba iyakan binciken ba kenan, suna nan suna ta yi, kamar yadda Mark Garlick ya fada cikin littafinsa. A cikin Kur’ani Allah ya yalwata mana bayani kan abinda ya shafi halittar duniya gaba daya da abinda ke cikinta. Da farko yace asalin duniyar a dinke take, ko a cure kamar yadda suka fada, sannan sai ya bude ta, ya karkasa halittanta. Ga abinda yace:

“Shin wadanda suka kafirta basu gani ba cewa, lallai sammai da kasa sun kasance dinke ne (da juna), sai muka bude su…?” (Ambiya’:30)

Malaman tafsirin Kur’ani sun kawo fassara nau’i biyu kan wannan aya, kuma duk ma’ana daya suke nufi. Al-Imam Ibn Kasir a cikin tafsirinsa yace: “…ai dukkansu (watau sama da kasa) sun kasance a hade ne da juna; sashe da sashe, a cakude da juna, wani a kan wani, a farkon lamari. Sai Allah Ya bude wannan daga wannan. Ya sanya sammai guda bakwai, da kuma kasa guda bakwai. Ya kuma raba tsakaninsu da iska (wadda ke shawagi a tsakani kenan). Sai sama ta zubar ruwa, kasa kuma ta fitar da tsirrai.” Bayan shi Sheikh Abubakar Jaabir Al-Jazaa’iri shima cikin tafsirinsa ya tafi kan wannan fassara, ya kuma kara da cewa kasancewar sama da kasa na dinke a farko, har wa yau na nufin sama bata zubar da ruwa ne, haka kasa ma, bata fitar da tsirrai; ma’ana a kekashe suke saboda hadewa da juna da suka yi a farkon lamari. Ga abinda yace: “…abin nufi shine, lallai sammai da kasa abu ne guda daya (a farko), a hade da juna, sai Allah Ya raba tsakaninsu. Kuma abinda ya kumshi tafsirin wannan aya na ishara zuwa ga ra’ayin Ibn Jareer At-Tabari, na cewa: lallai sama ta kasance ne a shafe – ko a kulle – ba ta saukar da ruwa, haka ma kasa, a kulle take, ba ta fitar da tsirrai. Ayar na nuni ne ga wadannan fuskoki guda biyu. Kuma dukkansu ingantattu ne.” Wannan fassara har wa yau shine ra’ayin Abdullahi dan Abbass, da almajiransa irinsu Mujaahid, da Sa’id bn Jubair, da kuma Al-Hassan Al-basari.

Abu na biyu da malaman kimiyyar sararin samaniya suka tabbatar bayan tarwatsewar wannan duniya ko fashewarta a farko (abinda suka kira Secondary Separation), shine samuwar wata iska mai tattare da kura mai nauyi, watau Gaseous Mass, kamar yadda bayani ya gabata. A cewarsu, bayan samuwar wannan iska mai kura ne aka samu karkasuwar gungun taurari, watau Galaxies, wadanda a karshe su kuma suka barbaje don samar da duniyoyi dabam-daban da rana da wata da kuma taurari masu matukar girma. Don haka idan mun fahimce su sosai, abinda wannan ke nufi shine, bayan fashewar (ko budewa, kamar yadda Kur’ani ya kira shi), wannan kura da iska ne ya biyo baya kafin samar da sauran jikinnai (irinsu wata da rana da manyan taurari da kananansu da kuma wannan duniya tamu da sauran makwabtanta).

Amma a Kur’ani Allah Ya sanar damu ne cewa bayan budewar ko fashewar, ya fara halittar kasa ne, ta hanyar baje ta, sannan ya nufaci sama don tsara halittarta gaba daya. A karshe kuma ya samar da dukkan ababen da ke kan kasa, irinsu koramu da duwatsu da tsaunuka da sauran ababen da ke cikinta gaba daya. Mu bi abin dalla-dalla. Zamu fahimci lamarin sosai, da inda suka yi daidai da kuma inda ya rage basu gano tsarin ba. A bincikensu dai basu sanar damu ina aka fara halitta ba. Amma Kur’ani ya sanar damu cewa kasa aka fara halitta, domin it ace ginshiki, kuma shimfida, sannan aka bibiye ta da rufin da ke samanta, shine sammai bakwai da abinda ke cikinsu. Ga abinda Allah Yace:

“Shine wanda ya halitta muku abinda ke cikin kasa gaba daya, sannan ya daidaita zuwa sama, ya daidaita (aikata) su sammai bakwai. Kuma shi masani ne ga dukkan komai” (Bakara: 29)

Wannan ke nuna mana cewa kasa Allah Ya fara halitta, amma har yanzu Malaman Kimiyyar sararin samaniya basu gano hakan ko ba. Har way au, basu sanar damu ko cikin kwanaki nawa wannan fashewa da kuma karkasuwar halittun sama suka faru ba. Duk da yake suna ambaton miliyoyin shekaru wajen samuwar taurari, da wasu shekaru wajen samuwar wata da rana da sauransu, wannan baya nufin lokacin da fashewar ta faru ne zuwa lokacin halittarsu kai tsaye. Suna kimanta shekarunsu daga lokacin samuwarsu ko wasu daga cikinsu, zuwa wannan lokaci da muke ciki, kamar yadda mujallar Scientific American ta nuna cikin wancan bugu na musamman da tayi kan rayuwar taurari da yadda alaka ke kasancewa a tsakaninsu. To amma a Kur’ani Allah Ya sanar damu cewa ya halicci sama da kasa da abinda ke cikin su ne cikin kwanaki shida. Bayan fashewa ko bude duniya da yayi kamar yadda muka karanta a ayar da ke sama a suratul Ambiya’, sai ya halicci kasar da muke takawa ko rayuwa a kanta cikin kwanaki biyu (daga ranar Lahadi zuwa Litinin), ya barta haka. Sai ya nufi sama, ita kuma ya halitta ta da abinda ke cikinta cikin kwanaki biyu (daga Talata zuwa Laraba), sannan ya dawo kan kasa, ya baje ta, ta hanyar samar da dukkan kayayyakin cikinta (don a farko halittar ta kawai yayi), cikin kwanaki biyu (daga Alhamis zuwa Jumma’a). Ga abinda yace:

“Kace, “ashe lalle ku hakika kuna kafirta a game da wanda ya halitta kasa a cikin kwanuka biyu, kuma kuna sanya masa kishiyoyi?” Wancan fa, shine Ubangijin halittu. Kuma Ya sanya a cikinta, duwatsu kafaffu daga samanta, kuma Ya sanya albarka a cikinta, Ya kaddara abubuwan cinta a cikinta, a cikin kwanuka hudu masu daidaita, domin matambaya.” (Fussilat: 9-10).

A bayyane yake cikin wadannan ayoyi biyu cewa an halicci da abinda ke ciki da karkashinta ne cikin kwanaki hudu, a jumlace kenan. Amma ba lokaci daya bane hakan ya kasance, kamar yadda Allah da kanshi ya fada a cikin wata surar:

“Shin ku ne mafi wuyar halitta ko sama? Allah ya gina ta. Ya daukaka rufinta, sannan ya daidaita ta. Kuma ya duhuntar da darenta, kuma ya fitar da hantsinta. Kuma kasa, a bayan haka Ya shimfide ta, ya fitar da ruwan ta daga gareta da wurin makiyayarta, da duwatsu, ya kafe ta, don jin dadi gareku da kuma dabbobinku.” (Naazi’aat: 27-33)

Kalmar Dahaaha da Allah Yayi amfani da ita na nufin tsarin samar da amfanin cikinta. Kamar yadda muka karanta a wadannan ayoyi da ke sama. Kuma hakan ya faru ne bayan samar da sammai bakwai, kamar yadda ayar tayi ishara (don yace “kuma kasa, a bayan haka…”, ma’ana bayan halittar sama kenan). Idan muka dauki kwanaki biyu na halittar kasa, da kuma kwanaki biyu na samar da abinda ke cikinta, sai mu ga cewa su ne kwanakin hudun da Allah ya fada a surar Fussilat da muka fara kawowa a sama. To kafin mu zarce zuwa sama, masu binciken kimiyyar sararin samaniya suka ce akwai wata iska mai dauke da kura mai nauyi, watau Gaseous Mass da ta samu bayan fashewar duniya. Shin Kur’ani ya ambata mana ko yi mana ishara kan wannan iska mai kura da suka kawo kuwa? Eh, ya kawo mana. Sai dai sabanin yadda suka siffata abin da “iska mai kura”, Kur’ani ya nuna mana cewa hayaki ne ko tururi, wanda ya samu sanadiyyar halittar kasa da Allah Yayi, kamar yadda Ibn Kasir ya fada cikin tafsirinsa. Mu koma suratu Fussilat, inda Allah yaci gaba da cewa:

“Sannan ya daidaita zuwa ga sama, alhali kuwa ita (a lokacin) hayaki ce, sai yace mata, ita da kasa, “Ku zo, bisa ga yarda ko a kan tilas.” Suka ce “Mun zo, muna masu da’a.” Sai ya hukunta su sammai bakwai a cikin kwanuka biyu. Kuma Ya yi wahayi, a cikin kowace sama da al’amarinta, kuma Muka kawata sama ta kusa da fitilu kuma don tsari. Wancan kaddarawar Mabuwayi ne, Masani.” (Fussilat: 11-12)

A yanzu na tabbata mai karatu ya fahimci yadda lamarin yake. Cewa da suka yi, asalin duniya a cure take, ko a hade da juna, daga baya suka rabe, gaskiya ne, kamar yadda muka gani. Cewa da suka yi, bayan fashewar ko rabewar, an samu “iska mai kura” kafin halittar sauran duniyoyi da taurari, ba haka bane dari bisa dari; an dai halicci kasa, sannan aka samu hayaki ko tururi a sama, kafin aka halicci sammai bakwai da dukkan ababen da ke cikinta na taurari da rana da wata da dare da yini da sauransu. Wannan shine abinda Kur’ani ya tabbatar, da kuma Karin bayani kan abinda bincikensu bai kai ba. In dai aka juri zuwa rafi, wata ran za a samu ruwa. Domin cikin shekarun baya ne aka samu wani bincike mai tabbatar da cewa lallai alamun da ke jikin wata a halin yanzu na nuna cewa lallai ya taba tsagewa. Mu kam tuni Kur’ani ya sanar damu haka tun shekaru dubu daya da dari hudu da suka gabata. A dakace mu!

SIFFAR DUNIYA

Bamu gushe ba muna ta bincike kan abubuwan da malaman kimiyya suka fada dangane da halittar duniya baki daya, da kuma gwama abinda suka fada da wanda yazo daga Al-Kur’ani mai girma, kamar yadda daya cikin masu karatu ya bukata makonni hudu da suka gabata. A sashen da ya gabata mai karatu ya samu bayanai kan yadda wannan duniyar da muke ciki da sauran duniyoyi da halittun da ke sararin samaniya suka samo asali, da kuma hujjoji masu nuna hakan daga binciken malaman kimiyyar zamani da kuma tabbaci daga Al-Kur’ani mai girma. A yanzu zamu ci gaba, inda zamu mayar da hankali kan siffar wannan duniya tamu; yaya take? Shin a shinfide take sambai, da gaba ko iyaka a kowane gefe, ko kuwa ya abin yake? Sannan, wannan rana da wata da muke hange ko gani a kullum, yaya alakarsu take da wannan duniya da muke ciki? Kuma mai karatu zai san ko suna da ajali da aka yanke musu, ko kuma haka kawai zasu ci gaba da kasancewa. Dukkan wannan zasu zo ne ta hanyar hujjoji daga binciken malaman kimiyyar zamani, da kuma tabbaci daga Al-Kur’ani kan haka. Mu je zuwa!

Duniya A Mulmule Take

Al’ummomi da dama da suka shude basu gushe ba kan tunanin cewa wannan duniya tamu a shimfide take kamar faifai; ta inda duk ka dosa, zaka samu makura ko gaba. Kamar dai yadda saman tebur yake, ko saman kamfai ko saman duk wani shimfidadden abu. Wasu ma har tsoron zuwa yawo suke da nisa, don tsoron kada su “afka” karkashin kasa, a cewarsu. A kan wannan tunani da akida ake, sai cikin shekarar 1597, lokacin da wani malamin kimiyya mai suna Francis Drake ya yi kokarin zagaye duniyar ta teku, sannan ya tabbatar da cewa lallai duniyar ba kamar yadda ake tunani bane; a mulmule take, kamar kwai. Shi yasa wasu lokuta idan kaje karshen gari, ko bakin teku, sai kaga kamar sama ta hade da teku ne. Drake yayi wannan bincike ne cikin shekarar 1597, watau shekaru 412 kenan a yau. Dangane da Kur’ani kuwa, sai mu ga cewa hakan yazo ne bayan saukarsa da shekaru dubu daya da goma shatakwas (1,018). Kuma har yanzu, kamar yadda kowa ya sani, a kan sakamakon wannan “sabuwar” bincike ake. To me Kur’anin ya fada kafin wannan bincike?

Tabbaci Daga Kur’ani

A cikin Surorin Kur’ani da yawa, Allah Ya nuna mana cewa lallai wannan duniya tamu a mulmule take, kamar kwai. Zamu fahimci hakan ne daga tsarin alakar da ke tsakanin shigan dare da shigan yini (ko rana, kamar yadda muka saba fada). Ga wasu daga cikin hujjoji nan:

“Ashe ba ku gani ba, lalle Allah Yana shigar da dare a cikin yini, kuma Yana shigar da yini a cikin dare…?” (Luqman:29)

Cewa ana shigar da dare a cikin yini, da kuma yini a cikin dare, kamar yadda muka sani, hakan na faruwa ne a hankali – kadan kadan - ba wai lokaci daya ba. Kuma wannan ke nuna mana cewa duniyar ba a shimfide sambai take ba. Da haka ne, to da lokaci daya zamu rika shiga yini, haka lokaci guda zamu rika shiga dare. Ma’ana da kowanne zai zo ne da haske ko duhunsa lokaci guda, kamar yadda kake samun haske da zarar ka kunna tocila, ko kashe ta. A wata ayar Allah yayi amfani da Kalmar “nannadewa”, inda yace:

“Ya halitta sammai da kasa da gaskiya. Yana nannade dare a kan rana (yini), kuma yana nannade rana (yini) a kan dare…” (Zumar:5)

Duk da cewa wasu na amfani da Kalmar “shigarwa” a ma’anar kalmar “kawwara”. Suna hakan ne wajen isar da ma’ana. Amma asalin ma’anarta na nufin “nannadewa” ne. Duk kuwa abinda aka ce ana nannade shi, to a siffar da’ira yake, ko kuri, ko kuma mulmule yake. Idan kuma aka ce an nannade wani abu a tare dashi, to an shigar dashi ciki kenan. Kamar dai yadda mai sanya rawani ke nannade rawaninsa, wani sashe a saman wani. Haka kuwa bazai faru ba dangane da rana da dare, sai muhallin da haske ko duhunsu ke riska ya zama mulmulalle ne ko curarre, mai siffa irin ta kwai.

Rana Da Wata Na Juyawa

Kafin kwarewar turawan Turai yayi nisa cikin binciken kimiyya, akidarsu dangane da rana ita ce, a tsaye take cak! Duk sauran halittun da ke makwabtaka da ita kuma suna jujjuyawa ne a cikin falakinsu, don kewaye ta. Har a karni na biyu haka ake tafiya a yammacin duniya. A cikin shekarar 1512 ne wani malamin kimiyya mai suna Nicholas Copernicus ya samar da wannan ka’ida ta ilimi mai suna Heliocentric Theory of Planetory Motion, wanda ke nuna cewa dukkan sauran halittun da ke sararin samaniyar duniya baki daya suna jujjuyawa ne a cikin falakinsu da ke gewaye da rana. Amma ita rana a tsaye take cak, ba ta motsawa. Haka ma binciken da Yohannus Keppler ya tabbatar, cikin shekarar 1609. Wadannan sakamakon bincike ne suka fara wayar wa turawa da kai, suka dada samun fahimta kan yadda manyan halittun da ke sararin samaniya ke juyawa, suka kuma basu damar fahimtar “juyin-wainar” da dare da yini ke yi a cikin falakinsu. Na tabbata idan ba yanzu ba, da dama cikinmu (wadanda suka yi sakandare shekarun baya), an karantar da mu wannan ka’ida ta ilmin kimiyya da ke nuna cewa “dukkan sauran halittun da ke sararin samaniya na kewaye da rana ne, a halin kewayar da suke yi.” Amma a yanzu kam, malaman kimiyyar sararin samaniya, watau Astronomers, sun warware wancan ka’ida ta Nicholas da Keppler, inda suka tabbatar da cewa lallai rana ma na jujjuyawa a nata falakin, ba a tsaye cak take ba guri guda. To me Kur’ani ya fada?

Tabbaci Daga Kur’ani

Idan muka koma cikin Suratu Ambiya’, zamu samu tabbaci da ke nuna cewa da rana da wata, duk kowanne daga cikinsu na da nashi falaki (ko hanya, ko magudana) da yake bi, da yanayin gudu ko saurinsa. Ga abinda Allah yace:

“Kuma Shine wanda Ya halitta dare da rana (yini), da rana da wata, dukkansu a cikin wani sarari suke iyo.” (Ambiya’:33)

Wannan ke nuna cewa lallai akwai falaki ko tafarki da kowannensu ke bi a halin iyonsa. An ambaci dare da yini a nan don nasaba da ke tsakaninsu da rana da kuma wata. Har wa yau, tsarin tafiya ko juyawa da suke yi a cikin wannan falaki nasu ya sha bamban. Kowanne da irin saurin da ya kamace shi yake tafiya. Dangane da haka Allah Ya sake cewa:

“Rana ba ya kamata a gareta, ta riski wata. Kuma dare ba ya kamata a gareshi ya zaman mai tsere wa yini. Kuma dukkansu a cikin sarari (falaki) guda suke iyo.” (Yasin:40)

Kalmar “iyo” ko “sulmuya” da Allah yayi amfani dashi (watau “Yasbahoon”) zai sa wani yayi tunanin ko akwai ruwa ne a sararin samaniya da har rana da wata suke yin iyon a cikinsa. A a, ba haka lamarin yake ba. Kalma ce mai fadin sha’ani, ya kuma danganci yadda aka yi amfani da ita a jimla. Idan aka yi amfani da ita kan mutum a cikin ruwa, yana nufin yana iyo kenan. Idan a kasa yake, ana nufin yana tafiya kenan. Haka rana da wata, su ma tafiya suke yi, a cikin muhallinsu a sararin samaniya. Sai dai kowanne daga cikin su da tafarkinsa daban. Kuma malaman kimiyyar sararin samaniya a yanzu sun tabbatar da cewa rana kan gama kewayenta ne – daga tashar farawa zuwa tashar tikewa (ko “axis”, a turance) – cikin kwanaki ashirin da biyar, a kowane wata. Kenan, cikin kwanaki ashirin da biyar take yin kewaye daya. Shi kuma wata yana kewaye wannan duniya tamu ne cikin kwanaki ashirin da tara da rabin kwana (29½). Dangane da haka Allah yace:

“Kuma da wata, mun kaddara masa manziloli, har ya koma kamar tsumagiyar murlin dabino, wadda ta tsufa.” (Yasin:39)

Wadannan “manziloli” da Allah ya fada, su ne masaukai da yake sauka a cikinsu a kullum, har ya gama zagayensa cikin wadancan kwanaki da suka gabata.

Nan Gaba Rana Zata Bice

Malaman kimiyyar zamani suka ce rana na dauke ne da wasu sinadarai (watau hidirojin da hiliyum), wadanda ke gudanuwa a cikinta, kuma suke baiwa halittu sinadarai masu amfani cikin hasken da suke narke cikinsa idan ranar da bullo. Suka kuma ce wadannan sinadarai na kumshe cikin rana ne tun shekaru wajen biliyan biyar da suka wuce. Wannan ke nuna mana cewa, tunda asali babu wannan halitta ta rana, to a tabbace yake cewa nan gaba haskenta zai bice, ta daina haske, har a rasa ta. Wannan tabbaci ya fito daga bakin malaman kimiyyar zamani, kamar yadda Mark Garlick ya fada cikin littafinsa mai suna The Story of the Solar System. To me Allah ya ce kan haka?

“Kuma rana tana gudana ne zuwa ga wata matabbata nata. Wannan kaddarawar Mabuwayi ne, Masani.” (Yasin:38)

Cewa rana tana gudana zuwa wata matabbata, ishara ne ga lokacin da Allah Ya haddade mata. Kamar yadda yake tabbace cikin binciken da mujallar Scientific American ta fitar a shekarar 2004, da ke nuna cewa taurari da dama sun kwanta dama, wasu sun tsufa, wasu kuma yanzu suke fara rayuwarsu. Mujallar tace hatta rana ma, akwai tabbacin kwanakin ta na tafe. Domin ta tsufa tukuf. Amma saboda masu binciken ba su kawo tashin kiyama a zuciyarsu ko imaninsu, suka ce idan rana ta kare kwanakinta, wata za a samu ta maye gurbinta. Amma ga kowane musulmi mai imani, wannan shirmen banza ne. Wannan matabbata da Allah ya fada ba wani abu bane illa adadin kwanakin da aka haddade mata. Ko kuma, a daya bangaren – kamar yadda yazo cikin Hadisin Bukhaari, wanda Abu Dharril ya ruwaito – karkashin al’arshin Ubangiji. Zuwa karkashin al’arshin Allah da rana ke yi a duk faduwanta ne, amma kwanakinta na karshe suna zuwa ne da zarar kiyama ta tsaya. Da zarar wannan rana ta daina fitowa, ko mun daina ganinta, to alama ce da ke nuna cewa lallai duniya tazo karshe.

Wannan shine abinda malaman Tafsirin Kur’ani irinsu Ibn Kasir da Aliyyus Saabooni suka fada cikin sharhin ma’anar wannan aya. Sabooni yace: “ai da wata aya kuma garesu, ita ce rana da ke tafiya da kudurar Allah, a cikin wani falaki da baza ta taba wuce shi ba, ko ketare shi, cikin wani zamani da za ta tabbata a cikinsa (tana wannan tafiya). Kuma da wani lokaci da za ta tike a cikinsa. Shine ranar tashin kiyama, lokacin da tafiyarta zai yanke sanadiyyar rushewar duniya baki daya.” Haka Al-Iman Ibn Kasir ma yace: “lallai abin nufi da ‘matabbatar ta’, shine lokacin tikewar tafiyarta, kuma shine ranar kiyama. Lokacin da (tsarin) tafiyarta zai rushe, ta daina motsi, a kuma nannade ta; wannan duniyar kuma ta zo karshe.”

KIMIYYAR HALITTU

Duk Wata Halitta Mai Rai, Daga Ruwa Aka Samar Da Ita

A cewar malaman kimiyyar halittu na zamani, watau Biologists ko kuma Embryologists, duk wata halitta mai rai na dauke ne da sinadarin da ke samar da ita, wanda suke kira Cytoplasm a Turance. Kuma wannan sinadari ko matattarar sinadaran da ke tafiyar da rayuwa na Cytoplasm, kashi tamanin cikin dari na abinda ke cikinta ruwa ne. Har wa yau, da tafiya tayi nisa, bincike yayi tsanani ta hanyar amfani da na’urorin binciken kwakwaf na kimiyya, sai wadannan malamai suka sake sanar da mu cewa “ai duk wata halitta da ke yawo a doron wannan duniya, to kashi hamsin zuwa casa’in na abinda ke jikinta duk ruwa ne.” Sannan suka sake tabbatar da cewa babu wata halittar da zata iya rayuwa ba tare da ruwa a jikinta ba, ko cikin abinda take ci na abinci. Wannan a fili yake. Domin ruwan da ke jikin dan Adam shine kashi saba’in zuwa casa’in cikin dari na abinda jikinsa ya kumsa. Duk da cewa idan mutum yayi rauni, jini muke gani yana kwarara; hakan ya faru ne saboda hanyoyin da ke dauke da jini a saman karkashin fata suke, kana iya taba su. Amma da zarar mutum ya fara gudawa, sai ka nemi kuzarinsa ka rasa. Duk ruwan da ke jikinsa ya bi kasa. Ruwa abokin aiki. Binciken nan an yi shi ne cikin ‘yan karnonin da basu shige biyu ba zuwa uku. To me Kur’ani ya gaya mana, shekaru dubu daya da dari hudu da talatin da suka wuce?

Tabbaci Daga Kur’ani

Hakika Al-Kur’ani ya sanar damu wannan tuni. A muhallin da ake da karancin ruwa. A zamanin da babu wanda yake mafarkin samuwar wasu na’urorin bincike irin na zamani da muke da su a yanzu. Cikin sahara. Cikin yashi da duwatsu. Ga abinda Allah Yace:

“...kuma mun halitta daga ruwa, dukkan wani abu mai rai...” (Ambiya’: 30)

Wannan aya tafi gamewa, abinda ke nuna cewa dukkan wani abu mai rai, to asalinsa da kuma abinda ke tafiyar da shi, shine ruwa. A wasu wuraren kuma Allah Ya nuna cewa dukkan wata dabba daga ruwa aka halicce ta. Ga abinda yace:

“...kuma Allah ne Ya halicci kowace dabba daga ruwa.” (Noor: 45)

A karshe kuma ya sake tantace cewa, kowane jinsin dan Adam, namiji da mace, su ma daga ruwa ya halicce su. Ga abinda yace:

“...kuma (Allah) Shine wanda ya halicci jinsin mutum daga ruwa.” (Furqaan: 54)

Wannan ke nuna cewa Al-Kur’ani littafi ne da ya zo daga wajen mahaliccin wannan duniya da dukkan abinda ke ciki na halittu, kowane iri ne kuwa. In kuwa ba haka ba, to babu yadda za a yi shekaru sama da dubu daya wani ya hango wannan sirri da ke tattare da halittu na ilimi.

Tsarin Samar da Halitta a Mahaifa

Cikin shekarun baya ne (wajajen shekarun 1970 – 1980) wasu cikin hukumomin kasashen larabawa suka tattara dukkan ayoyin Kur’anin da ke ishara ga yadda dan Adam ko halitta ke samuwa a cikin mahaifa. Bayan tattara wadannan ayoyin, sai suka fassara su zuwa harshen Turanci, sannan suka doshi wani kwararre kan ilimin samar da halitta a mahaifa (Embryologist), mai suna Farfesa Keith More, babban farfesan ilimin samar da halitta a mahaifa da ke Jami’ar Toronto, a kasar Kanada. Kafin mu yi nisa, wannan mutum ana ji dashi a duniya har a yau, wajen sanayya kan fannin samar da halitta a mahaifa, watau Embryology. Kuma galibin jami’o’in duniya na amfani da littafinsa ne don karantar da daliban wannan fanni a matakin farko. Da suka doshe shi da wadannan ayoyi fassararru, saka ce bukatarsu ita ce, ya karanta su, karatu na hakika, ya kuma fahimce su sosai, sannan, a karo na karshe, ya gwama su da ilimi ko kwarewar da yake da ita kan wannan fanni na samar da halitta. Idan ya gama, suna jiran jawabinsa.

Farfesa More na gama karanta wadannan ayoyi, sai yace musu dukkan abinda Allah Ya fada kan yadda ake samar da halitta (musamman ta dan Adam) a mahaifa, daidai yake da abinda suke karantarwa da bincike a kai a wannan fanni. Ya kuma kara da cewa, babu inda aka samu cin karo da abinda Kur’ani ya sanar. Sai dai akwai wasu ayoyi wadanda bazai iya cewa komai kan daidai ko rashin daidai din abinda suke tabbatarwa ba, a kimiyyance. Dalili kuwa shine, a cewarsa, babu wani bincike ko rubutu na musamman da malaman kimiyyar halittu suka yi a game dasu. Daya daga cikin wadannan ayoyi, don kada mu tsawaita, ita ce ayar da ke cewa:

“Kayi karatu da sunan Ubangijinka mahalicci. Ya halicci mutum daga gudan jini.” (‘Alaq: 1-2)

Bayan ma’anar “gudan jini” da kalmar “’Alaq” ke bayarwa, har wa yau kuma tana nufin “wata halitta mai d’amfarewa ko makalewa a jikin wani abu – irinsu tsutsar-ciki da makamantansu.” Wannan shine abinda ya daure wa Farfesa More kai. Yace shi tun da ya fara karantar wannan ilimi, bai taba sanin cewa halittar da ke mahaifa, a matakin farko, a irin wannan sifa take kasancewa ba. Don haka sai nan take ya shiga dakin bincike, inda ya samo dan jaririn halittar da ke matakin farko (watau Embryo), ya sanya shi karkashin na’urar bincike mai kaifin hange. Bayan ya gama nazarin wannan halitta, sai ya dauko kwarangwal din irin wancan halitta da kalmar ke nufi a daya bangaren, sai ya ga kamar Hasan da Huseini ne! Carancas suka yi kama! Wannan abu ya bashi matukar mamaki. Sannan yace ya karu da ilmi mai dimbin yawa sanadiyyar samun tarjamar wadannan ayoyin Kur’ani masu nuni ga asalin halitta. A kan haka Farfesa More ya amsa tambayoyi wajen sama da tamanin da ke magana kan asalin halitta a mahaifa, wadanda kuma ke da asali daga Kur’ani da Hadisan Manzon Allah (SAW). Inda a karshe ya nuna cewa lallai dukkan nassosin da suka zo cikin Kur’ani masu bayani kan asalin halittar dan Adam a mahaifa sun dace da irin abinda suka sani a wannan fanni. A karshe ya kara da cewa: “da ace an mini wadannan tambayoyi shekaru talatin da suka wuce ne, da ko rabin su bazan iya amsawa ba, saboda rashin hujjoji daga binciken kimiyya.”

Kafin ayi masa wadannan tambayoyi, Farfesa More ya rubuta shahararren littafinsa mai suna “The Developing Human”. Amma bayan samun wadannan nassosi na Kur’ani, da kuma karin ilmin da ya samu cikinsu, sai yayi bitar littafin, inda yayi masa gyare-gyare da kuma kare-kare. Ya fitar dashi cikin shekarar 1982, inda a karshe, saboda tasirin littafin kan abinda ya kunsa na ilmi, sai da yaci gasar “Gwarzon Littafin Shekara kan Kimiyya” (The Best Medical Book of the Year), wanda mutum daya ne ya rubuta shi. A halin yanzu an fassara wannan littafi zuwa harsuna da dama, kuma kamar yadda bayani ya gabata, yana cikin littafan da Jami’o’in duniya ke amfani dashi wajen karantar da dalibai a matakin farko.

A shekarar 1981, an yi taron Manyan Likitoci na Duniya a birnin Damman da ke kasar Saudiyya, kuma Farfesa More ya samu halatta. Da jawabi yazo kanshi, sai yace:

“Hakika ina matukar murna da na samu damar amsa tambayoyi da dama da aka min kan abinda ya shafi samar da halitta a mahaifa, daga nassosin Kur’ani. Daga abinda na karanta cikin wadannan ayoyi, a bayyane yake cewa lallai Muhammad ya samu wadannan bayanai ne daga “Ubangiji” ko “Allah”, domin kusan dukkan wadannan bayanai babu wanda ya isa ya binciko gaskiyarsu sai bayann daruruwan shekaru. Wannan ke nuna mini cewa lallai Muhammad Manzon Allah ne!”

A nasa bangaren kuma, Dakta Joe Leigh Simpson, shugaban bangaren fannin lafiyar mata da tsarin haihuwa da ke Kwalejin Lafiya ta Houston a kasar Amurka, yace:

“...wadannan hadisai, watau maganganun Muhammad (SAW), babu yadda za a yi a ce wani ya same su ne ta hanyar karatun kimiyya, musamman ta la’akari da tsarin ilmin kimiyyar da ke wancan lokacin da aka saukar. Wannan shi ke nuna cewa lallai babu wata ja-in-ja tsakanin ilmin kimiyyar tsarin samar da rayuwa (Genetics) da addinin (musulunci). Kai a takaice ma dai, addinin (musulunci) na iya zama mai bayar da kariya ta hanyar samar da bayanai (daga Ubangiji) ga wasu hanyoyin binciken kimiyya...akwai wasu bayanai daga Kur’ani da aka tabbatar da gaskiyarsu cikin daruruwan shekaru da suka gabata, masu nuna cewa lallai Kur’ani daga Allah yake.”

Wadannan, a takaice su ne abinda mai karatu ya samu a wannan mako. Idan Allah Ya kai mu mako mai zuwa, zamu kawo bangaren karshe na wadannan kasidu da muka faro, masu gwama binciken malaman kimiyyar zamani da abinda ke cikin Kur’ani don tabbatar da cewa lallai duk abinda Kur’ani ya fada, to fa gaskiya ne. Idan bai maka daidai a cikin kwakwalwarka ba, to ka dauka kwakwalwarka ce ke da tangarda, amma ba wai abinda aka fada ba. In kuwa za ka kwantar da hankalinka waje daya, ka kuma yi bincike, to lallai zaka samu gaskiya ne abinda aka fada. Daga bayanan da suka gabata a sama na shedar da wadannan manyan malaman kimiyya suka bayar, muna iya fahimtar lallai akwai kalu-bale mai girma a gabanmu. Idan har su da suke adawa da addinin da ke da wannan littafi sun samu lokacin yin bincike, ina muke, wajen yin namu binciken, don samun natsuwa da kuma karin yakini ga Ubangiji?

KIMIYYAR KARKASHIN TEKU

Matashiya

Na tabbata kamar sauran makonnin baya, masu karatu na tare damu cikin wannan silsila da muka faro kan abinda ya shafi alakar da ke tsakanin tabbatattun nau’ukan ilmin kimiyya da ke cikin Kur’ani mai girma da kuma sakamakon binciken da malaman kimiyyar zamani ke fitarwa lokaci-lokaci, masu kuma alaka ta dacewa da abinda Allah Ya fada a Kur’ani. A makon da ya gabata mun kawo bayanai kan abinda ya shafi kimiyyar halittu da yadda rayuwa ke samuwa a cikin mahaifa a tsarin karantarwar Kur’ani, da kuma tabbacin hakan daga sanannu kuma shahararrun malaman kimiyyar wannan fanni, irinsu Farfesa More da sauransu. A yau zamu ci gaba, inda zamu kawo tabbaci na karshe kan abinda ya shafi kimiyyar karkashin teku da Allah Ya halitta, ya kuma sanar damu kadan cikin sirrin da ke karkashin kasan tekun; ba wai na halittu ba, a a, na duhun da ke karkashin teku kadai. Sirrin da ke cikin teku na da dimbin yawa, don haka daya kawai zamu tabo, shine zurfin da ke karkashinsa, da kuma cewa akwai duhu mai tsakanin gaske, wanda ke karuwa, iya karuwar zurfin tekun.

Kamar kullum, kada mai karatu ya gafala da cewa Al-Kur’anin nan asalinsa (bai gushe ba kuma bazai gushe ba kan cewa) littafi ne na shiriya, ba wai zuwa yayi don karantar da ilmin kimiyya da fasaha ba. Duk abinda ke ciki na nau’ukan ilmin, ya samu ne sanadiyyar karantar da mu ikonsa da kuma cancantarsa da bauta, ba wai mu barshi mu je muna bautar wani abu daban, halitacce ba. A takaice dai, dukkan wani ilmi da ke Kur’ani, indai ba don shiriya aka dauke shi ba, to riban-kafa ne kawai. Mu tsayu a kan haka; domin hakan ne zai kaimu ga gaci, mu samu shiriya, sannan mu amfana da abinda ke tattare da wa’azin shiriyar na amfanin rayuwar duniya. Abdullahi dan Abbass na cewa: “Duk wanda ke son duniya, to na umarce shi da ya rike Kur’ani. Haka duk wanda ke son lahira, shi ma na ina umartansa da ya rike Kur’ani. Wanda kuma ke son duniyar da lahirar baki dayansu, to shi ma ina umartansa da ya rike Kur’ani.” Don haka zamu ci gaba.

Akwai Duhu a Karkashin Teku

Farfesa Durga Rao, wani shahararren masani ne, kwararre kan ilmin halittu da tsarin rayuwa a karkashin teku, watau Marine Geologist, kuma Farfesa ne a Jami’ar Sarki Abdul-Aziz da ke Jidda, a kasar Saudiyya. Ba musulmi bane. Wata rana an dunfare shi da wannan aya da ke cikin Suratun Noor, inda Allah ke cewa:

“Ko kuwa kamar duffai ne a cikin teku mai zurfi, taguwar ruwa tana rufe da shi, daga saman sa akwai wata taguwa, daga saman sa akwai wani girgije; duffai, sashensu a bisa sashe, idan ya fitar da tafin (hannun) sa ba ya kusa da ya ganshi. Kuma wanda Allah bai sanya masa haske ba, to ba ya da wani haske.” (Noor: 40)

Kafin mu kawo ra’ayi ko jawabin da Farfesa Rao ya bayar kan alakar wannan aya da abinda ya sani na ilmin karkashin teku, yana da kyau mu fahimci cewa wannan aya an kawo ta ne ciko ga wani misali da Allah ya fara kawowa a ayar da ta gabace ta, inda yake siffata halin da kafirai suke ciki na bata, sanadiyyar kauce wa shiriya da suka yi. Ga ayar farko nan, don mu fahimci tsarin abin da kayau:

“Kuma wadanda suka kafirta, aiyukan su kawalwalniya ne a fako, (wanda) mai kishirwa yana zatonsa ruwa ne, har sai da ya je inda (kawalwalniyan) yake, bai iske komai ba; kuma ya sami Allah a wurinsa, sai Ya cika masa hisabinsa. Kuma Allah Mai gaggawar sakamako ne.” (Noor: 39)

Kenan Allah na mana misali ne tsakanin duhun da ke karkashin teku, da wanda kafirai ke ciki. Da aka samu Farfesa Rao kan alakar da ke tsakanin wannan aya da abinda ya karanta kuma yake karantarwa, sai yace tun tsawon zamani malaman kimiyya basu taba sanin cewa akwai duhu a karkashin teku ba, sai bayan samuwar na’urorin bincike na kimiyyar zamani. Yace ba mamaki idan aka yi la’akari da cewa masu yin ninkaya ko nutso cikin teku basu iya tafiya kasa iya zurfin mita ashirin zuwa talatin sai da taimakon kayan ninkaya irin na zamani. Amma da za a barsu a haka, duk kwarewarsu wajen ninkaya basu iya wuce wannan tazara. Yace kuma hatta da taimakon kayan ninkar ma, ba wanda zai iya rayuwa a iya tazaran zurfin da ya kai mita dari biyu (200 metres). Wannan kuwa ya faru ne sanadiyyar tsananin duhun da ke karkashin tekun. Iya zurfin tafiya, iya kaurin duhun da mai ninkaya zai rika cin karo dashi. Hakan na samuwa ne a manyan tekuna masu tsananin zurfi da ke duniya, amma ba ‘yan gijari-gijari ba. Domin ko a Kur’ani ma “teku mai zurfi” aka ce. To me yasa?

A cikin littafinsu mai suna Oceans, shafi na 27, marubuta Elder da Pernetta sun nuna cewa wannan duhu da ke karkashin teku na samuwa ne sanadiyyar manyan dalilai guda biyu. Dalili na farko shine samuwar haske da ke darsuwa a saman teku. Wannan haske, a cewarsu, yana dauke ne da launuka ko kaloli guda bakwai. Wadannan launuka ne a turance ake kira ROYGVIB: watau launin bakan-gizo, sune: launin ja (red), da launin ruwan lemo (orange), da launin rawaya (yellow), da launin kore (green), da launin shudi (blue), sai kuma sauran launuka biyu da ke samuwa sanadiyyar hada wasu cikn wadanda suka gabata, watau launin Indigo, da kuma Violet. Wadannan su ne launukan da ke cikin kowane irin haske da ke samuwa a sararin wannan duniya tamu. Duk sanda haske ya haska saman teku, ya kan zarce ne zuwa can karkashi. A hanyarsa ta tafiya, ruwan tekun na hadiye wadannan launuka a mataki daban-daban na zurfi, har a kai ga inda babu wani abinda ya rage na launin da ke hasken balle ya haskaka; ba abinda zai rage sai tsananin duhu mai firgitarwa. Ga yadda abin yake nan.

Mawallafan wannan littafi suka ce idan hasken ya shige cikin teku da zurfin mita goma zuwa goma shabiyar, tekun na hadiye launin ja da ke tattare da hasken ne. Launin ja bazai wuce wannan tazarar ba. Don haka idan mai ninkaya cikin teku ya kai zurfin mita ashirin da biyar (25 metres), kuma aka samu matsala yayi rauni, ko kadan bazai ga jinin da ke fita daga jikinsa ba. Domin sinadaran da ke samar da launin a cikin hasken da ke haska masa hanyar tafiyarsa basa nan, zurfin teku ya hadiye su. Duk wani teku da zurfinsa ya wuce mita ashirin ya kai ashirin da biyar, launin ja bazai kai labari ba a wannan tazarar. Haka sauran launukan zasu ci gaba da bacewa a yayin da mai ninkaya ke dada yin kasa. Misali, idan ya kai zurfin mita hamsin, launin ruwan lemo zai bace; duk wani abu mai wannan launin da ke tare dashi za a daina ganinsa a wannan tazarar. Haka idan ya kai tsakanin mita hamsin zuwa dari, duk wani abu mai launin rayawa zai bace; a daina ganinsa a wannan tazarar. Idan kuwa ya kai tazarar mita dari biyu zuwa sama, to duk sauran launukan zasu bace, tasirin zurfin teku zai hadiye su, a daina ganin duk wani abu mai launinsu. Haka abin yake; a duk tazarar zurfi, akwai launin da ke bacewa ko teku ke hadiye shi, har idan aka wuce zurfin mita dari biyu, to babu abinda za a iya gani sai duhu. Don me? Saboda daman hasken da zai haska wa mai ninkaya yana tinkaho ne da wadancan launuka guda bakwai masu tabbatar masa da tasirinsa. Da zarar zurfi da tasirin teku ya hadiye su, sai haske ya bace. In banda duhu babu abinda za a gani. Wadannan mawallafa suka ce, a tazarar zurfin mita dubu daya babu komai sai tabbataccen duhu mai firgitarwa. Wannan, a cewar wadannan malamai, shine dalilin farko na samuwar duhu a karkashin teku.

Dalili na biyu kuma suka ce yana samuwa ne sanadiyyar girgije da ke tare hasken rana a saman teku, ya warwatsa hasken a karkashinsa. Wannan warwatsawa da yake yi, yana tasiri sosai wajen haddasa matakin farko na duhu ga teku. Domin galibin launukan da ke cikin hasken ranar zasu bace ne. Don haka da zarar hasken ya iso saman teku, sai ya haska taguwar ruwa da ke shawagi a saman tekun, ta hanyar samar da haske mai kyalli na wucin-gadi. Bangaren hasken da bai samu sauka a saman taguwar ruwa da ke saman tekun ba kuma, sai ya zarce karkashin teku, inda a hankali tasirinsa ke bacewa, kamar yadda bayani ya gabata a dalilin farko. Wannan haske mai kyalli da taguwar ruwa ke cafkewa a saman teku, shi ke haddasa dumi ko zafi a saman ruwan. Shi yasa Malaman kimiyyar karkashin teku suka ce ruwan da ke cikin kowane teku ya kasu kashi biyu ne; akwai wanda ke sama, mai tattare da taguwar ruwa (ko igiyar ruwa, watau Ocean Waves, a turance), wanda kuma ke tattare da haske mai kyalli sanadiyyar hasken rana da ke haska shi, ya sa yayi dumi. Da kuma bangare na biyu, wanda ke can karkashin tekun, mai tattare da tsananin duhu mara misaltuwa. Wannan tsananin duhu ke haddasa nauyin mizanin ruwan da ke can karkashi, idan aka kwatanta shi da wanda ke saman tekun, mai shawagi cikin kadawar taguwar ruwa da ke kai-komo dashi daga gaba zuwa gaba. Domin hatta kifayen da ke karkashin teku basu gani da idanunsu, saboda tsananin duhu. Abinda ke sa su ga juna kawai shine kyallin da ke jikinsa na halitta. Don haka abinda ke rarrabe ruwan saman teku da wanda ke karkashi kuma ita ce wannan taguwa mai kadawa.

A karshe idan muka duba sai mu ga cewa wannan duhu da ke karkashin teku yana rayuwa ne a kasan shamaki guda biyu. Na farko shine wannan girgije da ke sama mai tare hasken rana ta hanyar hadiye masa launukansa, da kuma warwatsa shi. Na biyu kuma wadannan taguwar ruwa masu kame dan hasken da ya karaso saman tekun. Wanda kuma ya ci nasarar shigewa, sai tasirin zurfi yayi ajalinsa. Allah Buwayi gagara-misali! Wannan yayi daidai da fadin Allah kuwa, inda yake cewa:

“Ko kuwa kamar duffai ne a cikin teku mai zurfi, taguwar ruwa tana rufe da shi, daga saman sa akwai wata taguwa, daga saman sa akwai wani girgije; duffai, sashensu a bisa sashe, idan ya fitar da tafin (hannun) sa ba ya kusa da ya ganshi. ..” (Noor: 40)

Bayan gama bayaninsa kan wadannan ayoyi, sai Farfesa Rao ya kamala da cewa:

“Shekaru 1400 da suka shige babu wani mahaluki da zai iya yin cikakken bayanin wannan tsari kamar yadda ake yi yanzu. Wannan ke nuna cewa lallai wadannan bayanai (ko ayoyi) sun zo ne daga wata makwafa da ta sha karfin tunanin dan Adam.”

Kammalawa

A tabbace yake cewa lallai binciken Malama kimiyyar zamani kan wannan duniya tamu gaba daya da ma sauran wadanda ke makwabtaka damu, sau tari sakamakonsu kan dace da abinda Allah ya fada a cikin Kur’ani mai girma. Idan kuwa kaga an samu bambanci, to ko dai bincikensu ne yake da nakasa ko kuma basu bi ka’idojin da suka kamata ba. Domin kuwa muddin za a bincika, to sai an samu dacewa. A nan zamu dakata da wannan silsila kuma, sai wani makon mu kutsa wani fannin daban. A ci gaba da kasancewa damu.